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Another MLS lawsuit is making waves—this time aiming to remove unfair listing rules and help both buyers and agents. Experts say we’re in a “healthy” housing market, but does it feel that way? A high-demand, often-overlooked “cash cow” rental strategy is exploding in 2025, and we talk about everyone’s favorite state to hate: California. Is investing in Los Angeles actually worth it? All that, and more, in today’s show!

Experts from HousingWire are calling today’s housing market “healthier” as buyers gain leverage, inventory rises, and pending sales increase. If you’re a hesitant investor, it may be time to get in the game, but flippers and sellers must be careful. James and Henry share how they’re still (profitably) selling deals in today’s market.

Want to make WAY more cash flow? This rental strategy’s demand is surging, and there’s not enough supply! We’ll describe the strategy and why it’s become a “cash cow” with even better future potential. Is the appreciation worth investing in America’s hardest housing market—California? Finally, a new MLS lawsuit makes waves as a key brokerage challenges strict selling standards that could be hurting buyers, sellers, and agents. What happens if they win?

Dave:
Today we’re diving into the housing market headlines that are dominating the news. I’m your host, Dave Meyer, and I am joined today by our usual panel of experts, Henry, Kathy and James Henry. Happy birthday, man.

Henry:
Thank you very much, man. I appreciate that.

Dave:
I’m going to out you because I know you went to Vegas, so tell me, were you up or down, up or down on the weekend? I mean,

Henry:
Which day

Dave:
Down? Yeah,

James:
Yeah, down for sure. Yes.

Kathy:
Okay. All right,

James:
James, how are you? I’m doing good. I get my fulfillment out of real estate. I don’t need a gamble on the table.

Kathy:
Oh, I don’t know. I’ve been at a table with you, James, and you worked it all out there.

Dave:
Well, James just is immune to losing money. He doesn’t know how to do it. He been at a casino. He has better odds somehow.

Kathy:
Yeah.

Dave:
Kathy, how are you?

Kathy:
I’m doing great. And it was just Henry’s birthday, so he’s probably doing even better or worse.

Henry:
Yeah, getting old is, it’s good and bad, right? You don’t want the alternative, but

Kathy:
Yeah, there you go.

Dave:
Well, I am definitely glad to have you all here to talk about today’s headlines. We are going to be talking about whether right now is actually a healthy housing market. Let’s talk about a niche that is performing really well right now. We’ll also talk about one of the largest markets in the entire country and what’s going on there and more news about the NAR lawsuits and some domino effects that are taking shape because of them. Let’s start off, and I’m actually, I’m going first for once because I want to talk about mine. I was reading an article by one of our favorite guests here on the market, Logan Moi, who works at Housing Wire. He is one of the smartest and most often correct people about the housing market, and I was taken back by the headline where he said that the housing market is actually healthier in 2025, and he goes on to state that basically everything, despite all the noise out there, things are actually moving in a direction that most people would want and most people would consider a healthier housing market.
These are things like demand still going up year over year, despite all the talks of recession risk, the trade war going on, it has fluctuated a little bit, but there are more people applying for mortgages this year at this time of year than there were a year ago. That’s pretty encouraging to me. Inventory is going up, which might slow down appreciation, but as he points out, that’s probably a good thing if we’re getting back to a more normal level of appreciation, and actually surprisingly pending sales are actually up modestly, so we’re starting to see volume recover. Now, of course, we don’t know how things are going to shape up for the rest of the year, but Kathy, let’s start with you. Do you think we are actually in a relatively healthy housing market right now?

Kathy:
I really do. You have to kind of look at wages. We’ve seen wage growth, we’ve seen price growth slow down, mortgage rates have kind of been bouncing all over the place, but there was a moment where they were pretty low and there were lots of mortgage applications. Just right before the Liberation Day terrorists were announced, the rates were pretty low. They went back up, but now they’re kind of coming back down again for fear of recession. So no, it doesn’t surprise me because one of the things that Logan says a lot is home buyers aren’t Wall Street people. They’re not looking to do quick trade, quick money. They’re looking for a home.
When you look at demographics alone and the largest generation is that first time home buyer age between the ages of 30 and 40 something, this is when you settle down. Basically you look for a home, you want a yard, and if you’re going to make that commitment, you’re really looking at more as lifestyle, not I’m going to just buy this and quickly sell it. They’re not flippers. They’re looking for lifestyle. So yeah, I mean it just kind of makes sense that there’s more inventory. It’s maybe not as great for sellers in some of those markets, but it’s great for buyers.

Dave:
James, what about you? What do you consider a healthy housing market?

James:
Yeah, I think everyone’s definition is different depending on what you’re trying to do right now, buy and hold, not the healthiest market. Still pricing is not where it needs to be, haven’t seen the rent. Growth rates are still too high, but overall, I think we’re getting a lot more balanced and people are just getting used to it. I will say, I don’t know. I think it’s going to go into a buyer’s market, which could be healthy for a lot of people looking for a house, but I mean this summer I think is going to slow down quite a bit. We’ve seen quite a since the tariffs and the issues with the stock market coming down, buyer demand and buyers actively looking, and we probably lost 75% of showings

Dave:
Really

James:
Pretty quickly

Dave:
Just in the last month or so.

James:
Yes, in the last month, if I look at one listing, we were averaging 15 to 20 in the first couple of weeks when we rolled out, and we’re getting four to five right now on that listing. Oh, wow. Which going into the spring, it was going to be hot no matter what, but that also doesn’t mean that four to five buyers a week is a bad thing either, right. They’re just taking their time to select. So I think for buyers it’s a lot better they can make a decision. I do feel bad for people that have to rush in and buy that house they didn’t really want, but in the short term, if you’re a seller, you need to be prepared to just wait for your number and get used to the new conditions, whether it’s healthy or not. Days on market should not be five days or less.

Dave:
Yeah, exactly.

James:
Days on market should be typically 45 to 60 days, and selling for 10% over list on every house you sell is not reasonable. And so I don’t know if I’d call it healthy, but I would say it’s more reasonable of a market and you just got to really, that’s why it’s really important to hire the right representation, whether you’re buying or selling. They can educate you on what you’re looking at and what you need buy and how you need to structure your offers or how you structure your listings.

Dave:
I guess for me, what’s healthy is there’s some balance between buyer’s market and seller’s market. It’s not good for, in my opinion, the housing market when one party of a deal or in just the marketplace has all the negotiating leverage, and that’s what sellers had for a long time. And even though I think we’re just moving more towards something where there is just some give and take and different properties are going to perform differently, but maybe that’s just me. I don’t know. Henry, what do you think? I

Henry:
Think I’ve been saying this for a while on this show that this is a fairly healthy market. In a healthy market. There’s going to be some level of healthy competition, and you’re starting to see that with new listings increasing over time when people have options, it forces professionals in this space like us to perform better, to produce a better product because we want to make sure that we’re taking advantage of the limited eyeballs and also for your buyers, of course, it’s a healthier market because they can demand better from sellers. Even non-professional sellers have to do things a little differently if they want their product to sell. That’s why I think it was James who just said it. That’s why hiring a professional to help you understand what it is you need to do as a seller to get your house sold and then actually doing those things. I mean, that’s what you want in a given industry. A lot of people, this is their largest financial decision that they’re going to make. I think it is healthy when they have an appropriate amount of time and there’s healthy competition on the market for them to make the best choice for them. This is what you should want. That

Dave:
Said, I am curious if demand is going to stay as high as it has, and we’ve seen in this article that Logan wrote, he was showing that it has been up year over year. And just so everyone knows, I think the best way to measure demand in the housing market is something called the mortgage purchase application index. Basically how many people are applying for mortgages each and every week, and it’s still up over 2024, which is what’s so encouraging. It has been falling a lot for the last couple of weeks, and so it’s getting closer to the 2024 number and we’ll see what happens. We’re talking a lot about potential recession that doesn’t necessarily turn down demand. If rates start to go down, it could go the other direction, so we’ll have to see. But I was encouraged because when I saw rates start to go up like a month ago, I was worried, not necessarily for me or my own investing, but this whole industry has just been rocked for the last few years with super low transaction volume, and it’s tough for the whole industry whether you’re an agent, an investor, a loan officer, whatever.
And I was hoping that the spring season would still materialize, and so there is some good news here whether what happens at the rest of the year, we don’t know. All right, so that was my story. Let’s move on now to our second story, which Henry, you are up now. Tell us about it.

Henry:
Yes. The article and or interview that I brought is related to student housing. So it says that student housing stays strong, a recession resilient niche, so this is done by CNBC, and what they’re essentially saying is that student housing has come around as a new-ish more standout asset class, and it’s been performing very well. They have very high occupancy rates. In the article, it says that pre-leasing for the 20 25, 20 26 academic year has reached 94.5% occupancy, and the Yardi data is showing that it could be up as high as 99% occupancy when September comes. And on top of all this, seeing rent growth, I know James mentioned that rent growth hasn’t been really going up across the country, but in this particular niche, rent growth has been going up. For example, the national average rent per bed rose to over a thousand dollars, $1,001 per bed.

Dave:
What For college kids?

Henry:
For college kids. Wow.

Dave:
I am glad I don’t go to college. Dude, a thousand of bed not afford that.

Henry:
A thousand of bad. And the other thing is there’s supply constraints. In other words, universities only have so much university housing, and so when we’re talking about this student housing, what we’re talking about are third party companies coming in and building student specific housing next to the universities. And I live in a college town or close to a college town, and we have seen this over the past. I’d say I’ve been here for 10 years and it wasn’t until about five years ago where I started to see more student housing, third party student housing going up. I actually have an eight unit building that’s a stones throw away from the University of Arkansas. And all around it, student housing has been going up and these things are full. They are full. I specifically know of a company who is building more student housing now and is applying to get permits and approvals to build even more student housing.
And when I sat down and talked with them, they said that enrollment is actually going up, which I think this article kind of hints in that college enrollment is going up. And then you have some other factors that play into this because we all know college sports is a big frick fracking deal, and with the NIL and college players now being able to make money while they’re playing college sports, I think that’s going to play into players not leaving to go to the pros so early, which makes college sports more competitive, which will also help enrollment. So I think it’s a pretty interesting niche now. It’s not the most affordable niche to get into as a new investor because you probably can only get into it if you’re going to invest in some sort of fund. You need a lot of money to do a project like this, but it’s just an interesting niche to watch because man, there is a ton of money being made in this

Dave:
Space. Are you saying you just need to have a ton of money or be in a fund to do multifamily? Right, but you could still buy single family homes or small multifamily, right around a college

Henry:
You could buy smaller projects. Yes, that’s what I have. But it’s interesting. I have an eight unit building across the street from the university, and of the eight units, I think only one or two of them are college students.

Kathy:
Interesting. Yeah. Yeah. I cater to the parents of students who like to come and visit their students and they stay in our Airbnb and it’s amazing how many our parents just visiting. You have that too, Henry?

James:
Oh yeah, all the time. Yeah. The thing about student housing, we actually own a lot of student housing. I think we have about a hundred doors, right by Seattle u, university of Washington. And the cool thing about you don’t need a lot of money to do student housing now to build the big complexes going on, there’s a lot of development going on. That’s also why rooms have gone up in rent growth because they’re better quality units that are out there forever. The average rate was like 800 bucks a room because you were really going into a place that had been lived in for 50 years. They played a lot of beer pong and they’re a little beat up and it feels kind of like a frat house inside. Now what’s happened is for our units, we take a single family house and we can renovate that house, so we can buy a single family house pricing and we can install up to eight bedrooms per house by our university.
That allows us to buy a lot cheaper. A house in the area next to University of Washington is going to be about 800 grand, which is expensive, but it’s also an expensive market. A duplex is going to be one three to one five. And so we’ve actually done best because the financing’s a lot easier. You can get traditional financing on them. You can actually bur those properties because typically when you’re renovating into a high caliber, it’s going to drastically increase that value. And then that’s how you get that higher room rent is by giving a better product. There’s a big difference when you’re looking at the comps, whether you’ve got to slap together, painted lived in place, or are you offering a nice living, but there’s definitely high demand in there. You just have to really run it like a business though. If you miss your lease up, you are toast

Dave:
Because

James:
Nobody wants to live next to the RET house as traditional renters. And so you have to have those things. You got to structure your leases, you got to make sure that they are getting leased up in June and getting full for the year, or you can get in deep, deep trouble. And I can also tell you during the pandemic rooming housing and student housing was terrible. Oh gosh, it was the worst of the worst. And that hurt in our portfolio quite a bit, but they’re really good cash cows. They can generate a lot of income on purchase basis.

Dave:
And are you doing rent by the room?

James:
Yeah, we rent by the room or we actually have some that are from overseas and they actually take the whole lease down as a family and then they sub the rooms out and they’re paying for their whole housing and they kind of become the house manager at that point. That’s great. And it’s the best thing because they’re quiet, they kind of run the right house. And so we have two of our buildings like that and they’re actually the easiest ones to run.

Henry:
And you got to check your zoning and your state laws because in Arkansas, we can’t have more than four unrelated people in a house, so you have to go get a special use permit in order to do this kind of living, which is very difficult to get in sometimes. And that’s specific to Arkansas. So if you already live in a place where they do kind of rent by the room model, then this could work for you. But if that’s not something that’s prevalent where you are, you really have to check if you are permitted to use the property in that way.

Dave:
That just seems like one of those things that’s going to change though, Henry. I don’t know. With all this, I feel like that’s one of those things that’s going to get nixed at some point to try and make rent a little bit more affordable.

Henry:
I think it’s a state versus local thing too, because I think the city of the college town that I live in, I think they’re pretty much on board with infill and trying to get more housing. It’s a state rule that you have to overcome.

James:
The real question is, is there a workaround?

Henry:
James always knows

James:
The workaround or really big rooms and then put down some partitions with a couple different beds. Does that work? Can you run with the fort? There’s always some sort of workaround. I was just

Dave:
Describing a prison, James, what are you envisioning

James:
When a college student has to pay a lot for their room so you can reduce their room rate and you give ’em financial freedom? So I look at it as financial freedom, not

Dave:
Yes. Okay, fair enough. Well, I do like this niche, Henry, because one thing that I think people miss, but it’s actually kind of interesting, is that if we are going into a recession, more people go to college or specifically grad school, a lot of people choose to leave the workforce if they don’t think they’re going to get a promotion or maybe they’re not going to get a raise in the next year and they’re like, I’ve been thinking about going to grad school level up my skillset, increase my earning potential, now’s the time to do it. And to me just judging my own behavior when I was undergrad versus grad student, I would much rather rent to grad students is a little bit more mature.

Speaker 5:
Agreed.

Dave:
The brain

Kathy:
Is more developed.

Dave:
Yeah, brain is definitely more developed, went the wrong way in undergrad it was developing and then it declined for a few years. But I think that does create an interesting dynamic, at least for the next few years. If we are in, who knows if we do wind up going into a recession,

James:
And here’s a little hot tip for people that are interested in getting into rooming houses, a great person to reach out to are fraternities and sororities because they’re trading out their buildings and they already have the rooms and they will wheel and deal.

Dave:
Interesting.

James:
There’s a little tip. It’s already built out that way, way less construction. It’s zoned that way and they are constantly consolidating, so it makes for great opportunities on a low price per square foot.

Dave:
This is a new type of motivated seller because at least when I was in colleges, a lot of the frats were getting kicked off campus pretty regularly and then they would have to sell their house. So maybe James, you’re onto something, you need to find out who’s on probation or who’s getting suspended, and then go contact these motivated sellers. Alright, well those are our first two stories here. We talked about how the housing market might actually be healthy right now and a niche of student housing that is very promising in today’s day and age. We have to take a quick break, but we’ll be back with more headlines right after this. Welcome back to On the Market. I’m here with Kathy, James and Henry talking about real estate related headlines. So far we’ve talked about the health of the housing market and student housing. Let’s move on to Kathy. What is the headline or story you’re following this week?

Kathy:
Well, I chose a story from a company you may have heard of, it’s BiggerPockets and it’s Los Angeles Real Estate. Why do people continue to invest there? It was written by Austin who a lot of,

Speaker 5:
Yes.

Kathy:
Yeah, he’s on here. So that caught my eye of course because I now live in the Los Angeles area. I’m from northern California and there was a big comparison that Austin made between the two areas. I just thought it was really interesting. One is because California gets a lot of hate for a lot of reasons and much of it well deserved, but it is the world’s fourth largest economy. That’s incredible. Right?

Dave:
I saw that the other day. That is wild.

Kathy:
It’s crazy. The San Francisco, San Jose Bay area has a 1.2 trillion economy with about 6.7 million people, but the LA Metro has 13 million people so double and yet it has about the same economy. So at 1.3 trillion. So that was interesting. That kind of explains why per capita, there’s so much more money in the San Francisco Bay area than la so keep that in mind. That’s why we keep seeing home prices rise in the San Francisco Bay area, not so much in the city itself and in LA the job market is barely back to 2019 levels. So it’s not necessarily a booming economy compared to NorCal. NorCal is going to get a lot of those AI jobs,
So that’s just going to keep booming. The majority of the Fortune 500 companies in California are Northern California, more Fortune 500 companies than Texas and New York, but most of ’em in northern California. So again, very interesting, but at the same time, the median home price has tripled in the last 12 years since 2012. The median home price was $372,000 in 2012, it is now over a million dollars and you’re not going to get much for a million. So it’s like why? And it’s really hard to explain, but I live here and I see it, and so I am experiencing it and he’s right, even though it’s not the robust economy, it’s like half the economy of Northern California, the appreciation is insane. So is it because it’s geographically constrained? Is it because it’s so hard to bring on new supply now? We have had massive fires with so many 14,000 homes are so gone.
So even more demand. I just see it personally. Like I said, I helped my daughter, I encouraged her to buy a house kind of at the peak at the beginning of 2022. And she was nervous, but she still got the low rates, but the high home price and it was kind of like, well, you’re locked into a low payment, you’re going to be here a long time. If prices go down, it’s okay. You’ve still got that low price, you’re going to be here a while, don’t worry about it. Well, instead, the opposite has happened and the values have gone up tremendously yet the people buying the houses next door to her, their mortgages are double. They’re in the 10, $12,000 for starter home. So I keep wondering, where are these people coming from?

Dave:
Yeah, how do you afford that? That just doesn’t make sense.

Kathy:
How do you afford it? And so I look at the people next to her who, like I said, are paying 10 to $12,000 for their mortgage and Corina’s paying half because she got in at lower price and lower rates just a couple of years ago. But it’s dual income, husband and wife working. And I think because there’s this massive millennial generation that was probably loving living in LA when they were single and ready to mingle, but now that they’re settling down and want to be in good schools and safe neighborhoods, they’re kind of moving into the suburbs outside of LA and those neighborhoods are really taking off. So same thing with our Airbnbs in California and in the LA area, they’re just constantly rented and prices keep going up. It’s crazy. So I can’t explain it, but it was just an interesting article that I wanted to share. I don’t necessarily recommend investing in the LA area, but if you were looking for something different, but there’s one more thing I thought was really interesting, and I don’t think people realize this, that because of the high prices, if you got an FHA loan as a first time home buyer, just putting down 3.5%, you can get a fourplex and that FHA loan will go up to $2.2 million.

Dave:
Wow,

Kathy:
That’s crazy. It’s crazy because 1.2 million is what you can get on a single family on a FHA loan just three and a half percent down. That’s kind of doable. But to get a fourplex where you could rent the other three units out and maybe have your unit for free, you could go up to 2.3 million. That’s crazy. It’s kind of an interesting opportunity.

Dave:
To me, this sort of defies some of my personal beliefs because I look at markets like Seattle James for example, or New York where prices are high, but the economy is just so strong in those markets and there’s no reason to believe that the economy is going to slow down. And so I don’t know, it just worries me to hear this and you hear all this stuff. I’m not as in tune to California politics as you are Kathy, but you hear a lot about how it’s not a great business environment. And so it just makes me wonder if this will end at some point. Or is the weather just that good in southern California that no one will ever leave?

Kathy:
Well, it can’t be that bad. It can’t be that bad a place to do business if it’s the fourth largest economy in the world.

Speaker 5:
That’s

Kathy:
True. You just have to know how to do business I suppose, and you’re paying a lot of tax and rich and I kind of look at each other and we’re like, it’s okay. We’re willing to pay the tax. But if you’re a business owner in California, remember you can take and so you can make it work.

Henry:
I don’t think California is a surprise to anybody. If it’s a place where you want to invest in wealth growth in equity and appreciation over time, clearly I think California is going to continue to go up in value a lot because of what you said. It’s just tough. If you have money to invest, then yes, buying real estate in California, especially if you can get any kind of a discount, you’re going to walk into equity and then continue to see it grow over time. I think that that’s pretty cool. I think the tough part is ensuring those properties or making sure that those properties continue to stay properly insured based on where you are buying that property because the costs have been going crazy. Insurance providers have been pulling out of California and saying they’re not going to

Kathy:
Insure

Henry:
Properties in the States. So you got to watch that.

Kathy:
You just don’t get to have it. You just have to learn how to be a firefighter

Henry:
And you can house hack in California, but you really got to run the numbers on your house hacks in California too, because sometimes yes, you can get that two point whatever million dollars to buy that house hacking property, but sometimes you’re still going to end up covering a portion of that mortgage just for your unit that still might be more expensive than if you go rent something

Dave:
Or rent and then use the down payment to go invest somewhere out of state. I get a lot of people asking me that

Henry:
Question all the time.

Dave:
And to Henry’s point, there’s no right answer. You got to run the numbers. For some people, it might work for some others. It’s not a layup though. There was a time and place where house hack was just like any market, any person go house hack

Henry:
Live for free. But

Dave:
I think markets, James, I dunno what you think like Seattle la, it doesn’t always make sense. It’s not as simple as it once was.

James:
No. I mean Seattle was a lot easier to house hack in, but I mean it just depends on location, location, location, right, price points. And I think when you’re looking at expensive areas like California, you do need to pay attention to what’s going on for affordability, insurance, taxes, those things because it can really squeeze some of the submarkets and the affordability out of there. But when you’re on that coastline, they only make so much of it. And I was there for a little while. It’s awesome. And the reason I invest in California as a flipper is because there is growth. And I can tell you there is so much money there and when you are in an exclusive neighborhood, when I get my Newport Beach flip, someone paid cash for that thing, true cash as a secondary home,

Henry:
There’s levels to this

James:
Thing. And I’ll never see, oh dude, it is real money down there where it’s old and it’s big and it’s deep and it goes in waves and that’s why it’s going to continue to grow. And a lot of that money that floats around and recirculates around California, they’re done paying their taxes on a lot of things. They’ve sold their businesses and it’s just a bucket full of money that they’re moving around for tax purposes. How do I get one? I want a bucket full of money. I don’t get that.

Kathy:
When you’ve got a lot of the NorCal money, gosh, they can make so much money just in

Dave:
Selling a business and tech and stuff. And then they move down.

Kathy:
Well, they just like to have their vacation homes here. It’s just warmer weather and warmer ocean.

James:
Yeah, and that’s the question, if you want to invest in California, should you or should you not? It’s whether you want to deal with the pain that goes with it. Overregulation insurance issues, tough tenant laws, but the growth is there. And just like, I mean, Seattle’s got tough tenant laws too, and it’s not the easiest person to be a landlord in, but the benefit’s there. And if you don’t want to deal with those issues, then go buy in. Some other markets that are great for cashflow, lower entry, the middle America is great for that, but there is a reward, but you got to earn it and you got to be prepared to have some thick skin.

Henry:
I think you got to be prepared to hang on to the property for a substantial period of time as well. Because a lot of what we’re saying about California right now, people were saying about Florida five years ago, but now property values are going down, insurance costs are crazy. People are upside down in their homes that bought recently. It’s the people who bought 10, 15 years ago that are like, yeah, it’s not a big deal. Right? Because 10%, 15% property value decrease isn’t the end of the world for them. So if you’re going to buy in hopes of equity and appreciation, then you got to be able to sit on it for a while.

Kathy:
But I’m glad you brought up that comparison because if you do compare Florida with California, first of all, mosquitoes and bugs, let’s just start there. We don’t have them. They

James:
Love me Florida.

Kathy:
But beyond that, you can build fairly easily. That’s why so many builders poured themselves into the southeast. It’s a lot easier to get it done. It’s not like that here in California. It’s super hard to bring on new supply and as long as the ability to bring on new supply is that difficult with all the regulation, you’re going to have supply demand issues. And I think that’s That’s a fair argument because there’s enough land, there’s land you just can’t build on.

Henry:
There’s land in California, but it’s all designated like national parks and farmland.

Kathy:
Exactly.

Dave:
Yep. Yeah. Alright, well that is our third story. We do have to take one more quick break, but we’ll be right back after this. Look back to on the market here with James Kathy Henry talking about headlines, talked about Kathy’s story. We’ve gotten to the economy and investing conditions in California, the healthy housing market and student housing. James, what do you got for us?

James:
Okay, I do want to premise that this is not a NAR lawsuit article. I know that has been beaten to death, but I think this is important because this is a fallout from that lawsuit and how that went down. So the article I’m bringing in is from HousingWire and it’s Compass files an antitrust suit against the northwest MLS over its CCP. And so what this article talks about, and I think this is why this is important, is after the NAR fallout companies are starting to look at some regulation and going, I think we can challenge this, which they didn’t before.
And so this is why the lawsuit has been filed is Compass. And from what I know from people that work at Compass about six, seven months ago, roughly, they go in the northwest MLS. It is the most strict MLS in the entire nation as far as rules and regulations. We are not allowed to presale coming soon signs. You’re not allowed to market in a property unless it’s inputted into the MLS. And what Compass said was, you know what? I don’t really like that rule, and what’s the worst that can happen? You can fine us. And so from what I’ve heard from some brokers that I know that worked there, they said about six months ago that they want to start marketing listings internally through their office as a presale to a help the seller, but also to get pricing feedback on them to see. So they’re basically trying to sell the listing internally through their office, which is a violation of the northwest MLS. You’re not allowed to do that. Typically, those fines can be anywhere between 250 bucks to $1,500 or actually it goes up to $2,500. I have been fined for this before and I got fined because my sign went up 24 hours early. You’re not even allowed to put a sign up unless it’s been inputted and live on the MLS.

Henry:
Who’s monitoring that?

James:
Oh, they monitor it. Trust me, I get my notices all the time. Northwest MLS is the strictest. And so what Compass said, well, that’s not fair. That is causing sellers to not able to market their properties in the way they want. And it’s limiting the buyer pool and it’s kind of a monopoly. And they decided to just deal with the fines and start this dual marketing purpose three point marketing. The MLS goes, they start fine, and then they go, well, these fines aren’t doing anything. So then they cut the access to their IX their brokerage. So no listings were getting brought into that compass from the northwest MLS, and it was a posture move. And then from there, now Compass has filed a lawsuit challenging these rules, and this is going to be a big deal because this all stems from the nar, these MLS is, they have different regulations per area, and Washington is one of the worst or the most regulated.
And then there’s a few other ones that you are just not allowed to do certain things, which limits the buyer exposure. What brokers have a problem with is they’re losing to wholesalers because some sellers do not want their properties listed for sale. They want to market the property off market, and now brokers are losing to wholesalers and now they’re stepping up and they’re challenging it. And so this lawsuit is going to be very interesting to see because if they do win, this could send a domino effect through other MLSs, not NAR on challenging their rules, which could change the whole landscape for brokers, wholesalers, and honestly for sellers too. I do agree sellers should be able to market and sell their property, whatever, which way they want. And if they want to use a broker to do it, allow ’em to do it. And so I’m eagerly waiting for this and I am curious to see if they end up winning this lawsuit. This could send a shock wave through all thes.

Henry:
But James, I thought the whole point of agents and brokers and rules and regulations was to make sure that we’re doing the right thing for the sellers. But it sounds like all of this, the people who lose in all this are the sellers and the home buyers.

James:
That’s how I feel. Because you never know, the sizzle of an off market property will make people pay a premium sometimes. I mean, a good example, I’ve referenced this before. I gave an offer to an off-market seller. They said, no, we’re going to list it. And I ended up buying that house for 15% cheaper than my offer to ’em on a net on market. So I was the highest offer and the most competitive, and the seller lost 15% because the probate attorney goes, Nope, we’re going to list it. That’s how much they lost by not picking our off market offer in term. And at the end of the day, this is an open trade country. You should be able to sell your house whichever which way you want. I mean, the broker’s working for the seller, not for the

Henry:
MLS.

James:
And if the seller wants you to do that job a certain way, then allow ’em to do it. So I fully do agree with Compass on this one that they need to loosen up, but I am surprised the MLS took such a stance. They’re really trying to keep this firmed up so they don’t lose their traction.

Dave:
Well, it’s their whole business, right? Yeah. I mean, what are they if they don’t hold up these ridiculous laws?

James:
No, and I’m all for the laws and rules. I do think there needs to be, I think a lot of buyers and sellers don’t know what they’re getting themselves into a lot of times. And to have that regulated and controlled and having professionals working with people is essential.

Dave:
Oh, for sure.

James:
But it should be a choice. Yes, there needs to be a seller’s choice. And that’s what they’re saying that Northwest M Ls has pulled away from em.

Dave:
Oh, I agree. I just mean MLSs, of course, they’re going to hold onto this because it’s their whole income is having this exclusivity and being able to dictate what agents are allowed to do. And that doesn’t necessarily really help anyone.

Kathy:
If I were to make a prediction, I think the MLSs are going to be extinct in a decade.

Dave:
I think you’re right, Kathy, but everyone’s been saying that forever and true. It doesn’t keep happening, but it has to happen sometime. All I know is I wish I was a real estate attorney and could work for Compass and just those sue people, the ones who are really winning out of all this, it’s just these attorneys who are probably collecting outrageous fees,

Henry:
Billable hours are going

Dave:
Nuts. Just going crazy. They’re just making tons of money. And you’d have to be a lawyer, which I would not want personally. I know there’s a lot of great lawyers out there, but man, they’re probably cleaning up

James:
Well, and honestly, what a great piece of marketing for Compass though. Hey, we’re working for you sellers. We want to make it to where you can get exactly what you want. We’re here for you. And the MLS is stepping all over. It’s a good way to get yourself in the news too though. They’re good at that.

Dave:
I feel like that’s Compass’s business model. It’s just like, how do we get in the news this week? Let’s sue someone.

Henry:
But that’s my point. The MLS stepping all over them. Yeah, it hurts the agents getting their commission, but it really hurts the sellers. Those sellers have hired people from Compass to help them sell their house, and now they can’t get their properties on the MLS, which means they don’t get the eyeballs that hurts the people that all this was designed to help and protect in the first place.

James:
Well, and if you think about that too, if they’re not allowed to market off market properties as a broker, you have fiduciary duties. You have to stand by wholesalers don’t a lot of times. And so you’re limiting who people can work with too in a set of standards as well. And there’s nothing wrong with wholesalers. I have no problem with that, but I’m just saying you would think you’d want it to where everyone’s going to the people to have more regulation. They have more licensing and more fiduciary duty to that seller than some random wholesaling company. And so they really should open it up because it’s going to actually make it the most fair for sellers and allow sellers to sell it whatever, which way they want.

Dave:
Alright, well that’s what we got for you all today. Thank you all. These were some really interesting stories. I appreciate it. And James, thanks for being here.

James:
This was good news. MLS changes.

Dave:
Yeah, I know this was more positive, I feel like, than a lot of the headlines we’ve been bringing around the last couple of episodes. So it’s good to have a feel good episode from time to time. Kathy, thanks for being here.

Kathy:
Thank you.

Dave:
And Henry, thank you for being here. You can go sleep off whatever happened to you in Vegas, we won’t ask, but you can go sleep at all.

Henry:
Thank you, man. I appreciate it.

Dave:
And thank you all so much for being here and listening to this episode of On The Market. We’ll see you next time.

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Zillow published its Market Heat Index for March 2025 earlier this month. The data may be a month old, but with respect to real estate sales data, this is about as recent as it gets (while not sacrificing accuracy).

Out of the top 300 markets (by size), the top 10 seller’s markets are:

  1. Rochester, NY (Market heat: 185)
  2. Buffalo, NY (128)
  3. Syracuse, NY (102)
  4. Hartford, CT (99)
  5. Charleston, WV (97)
  6. Albany, NY (95)
  7. Ann Arbor, MI (92)
  8. Manchester, NH (92)
  9. Janesville, WI (89)
  10. Boston, MA (89)

While not all of these markets are extremely affordable (Ann Arbor and Boston, for example), a pattern that can easily be seen in the map is that Northeast and Midwest markets are seeing sales action they didn’t during 2021-2022 as the Sunbelt markets did. 

And speaking of the Sunbelt, that’s where pretty much all the coolest buyer’s markets are:

  1. Albany, GA (Market heat: 7)
  2. Jackson, TN (16)
  3. Gulfport, MS (24)
  4. Dothan, AL (25)
  5. Macon, GA (26)
  6. Brownsville, TX (26)
  7. Daphne, AL (27)
  8. Naples, FL (28)
  9. Beaumont, TX (28)
  10. Rocky Mount, NC (28)

So what does this mean for investors? If you’re looking to buy an investment out of state, you might finally be able to find deals in Sunbelt markets with strong fundamentals that have cooled. 

Let’s now take a look at the percent change in market heat to see which markets have cooled off the fastest since last year:

One discernible pattern is that the seller’s markets around Silicon Valley, Los Angeles, San Diego, and the metros along the Front Range in Colorado have started cooling off compared to their heat last year. While they still remain seller’s markets, we’ll see if the trend continues into next year.

The top 10 markets that have cooled off the most compared to their heat last year are:

  1. Albany, GA (1-year change in market heat: -80%)
  2. Jackson, TN (-62%)
  3. Valdosta, GA (-46%)
  4. Lafayette, IN (-44%)
  5. Dothan, AL (-43%)
  6. Gulfport, MS (-40%)
  7. Florence, SC (-39%)
  8. Billings, MT (-37%)
  9. San Jose, CA (-36%)
  10. Decatur, AL (-35%)

Deals could start to be found in some of these markets. And of these, I like the fundamentals of Lafayette, IN, for out-of-state investors the most. You can read the Lafayette section in my article The 10 Best Markets For Your First House Hack to learn why.

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Recently, I was a guest on the ChooseFI podcast, Episode 543, to talk about the Middle-Class Trap, a term Scott Trench and I have coined on the BiggerPockets Money Podcast, to describe a scenario someone on the path to FIRE (Financial Independence, Retire Early) might find themselves on if they’re not careful. 

The crux of the Middle-Class Trap is: You do everything right, max out your 401(k), dutifully pay down (or off) your mortgage—perhaps you go so far as to contribute to HSA and Roth IRA accounts. You find yourself at your FI number and make plans to retire early, but upon further inspection, you can’t actually access those funds without paying fees and/or high interest rates.

How Did I Get Here?

The conventional FI wisdom is to contribute to your tax-advantaged accounts to get your company match, then max out Roth IRA and HSA, then go back and continue with tax-advantaged accounts to the end of your investing dollars or until it’s maxed, and then move to after-tax brokerage accounts.

The problem here is that many people’s investing dollars run out before they get to their after-tax brokerage accounts. Or, to quote one respondent, “My 401(k) just comes out of my paycheck super easy; taxable takes more work that I’m not as good about.”

Chatting about it with my husband, he had this to say: 

In my case, when I started working, I wasn’t earning enough to max out my 401(k). At the time, my salary as a software developer was a healthy $36,000 (hey, it was 25 years ago!). 401(k) limits were $10,500.

Of course, the time in our life when you’re making the least amount of money is at the start of your career. Also, I was saddled with college loans. It took a decade of work before I had enough left over after maxing out my 401(k) to think about significant contributions to a post-tax account. 

Therefore, my 401(k) had a massive head start. And by the time I could contribute healthy amounts to an after-tax account, I was making good money ($95,000/year), so the incentives were much higher to max out my 401(k) to cut my taxable income ($16,500).”

Of course, to be better about after-tax investing, you could set it up with HR to send a set amount to your brokerage account every paycheck. You’d also have to set up automatic investing with your brokerage; otherwise you’d find yourself in a similar-but-different position of having the money there, but not invested in anything. 

The Middle-Class Trap ISN’T a Problem!?

As a response to this episode, Sean Mullaney, The FI Tax Guy, and a CPA, wrote this article, sharing why he felt the Middle-Class Trap doesn’t exist and isn’t a problem for people on the path to FI. 

Now, Sean and I are friends, so this article isn’t an attack on me—it’s a healthy discussion (in the form of a rebuttal) between people who are really just trying to bring light to situations (and solutions) so that if you DO identify with the Middle-Class Trap, you can start working on a financial change.

One very important point to note (and Brad brought it up in Episode 543) is that while your home equity IS part of your net worth, it should NOT be part of your FI number. I think a lot of FIRE Community peeps conflate these two numbers. I know I frequently do. But if you’re planning on retiring early, AND continuing to live in your home, your FI calculation should NOT include that home equity.

Further, I’d argue that if you are planning to move from your current home and downsize into something else, you should take a look at the real estate market where you hope to retire. With the run-up in home valuation over the last few years, you could be looking at selling your current home only to take on a similar—or even larger—mortgage payment due to the rising interest rates. If you’re paying cash for the new home, this matters less but will also take a good chunk of your equity, so make sure to factor that in.

10% Penalty Isn’t a Barrier to Early Retirement

In another point Sean makes, he says, “The 10% Early Withdrawal Penalty Is No Bar to Early Retirement.”

I think Sean forgets who he’s talking to. These are the same people who are vigorously debating 50 basis points on an investment account. They’re not going to drop 10% on fees to access their money. 

Effective Tax Rate

Sean does bring up an excellent point about the effective tax rate, and this is something that I am “aware” of but always forget. I also feel like I represent the more “average” FIRE adherent in that I’m not formally trained in this like a financial planner would be. The tax code is confusing on purpose, and I feel the different tiers of taxation are NOT designed to clear things up. 

The Effective Tax Rate means the ACTUAL rate of tax you pay, once you take into account the amount of taxes paid on your income that falls into the 10% bracket, the taxes paid at 12%, etc.

tax rate chart

The federal tax brackets chart shows the tax rate you’ll pay on any set income range, depending on your filing status. 

Smart Asset has an excellent Effective Tax Rate Calculator that will give you a down-and-dirty estimate of your taxes owed. I ran a quick hypothetical, and on $150,000 in income, filing in Colorado and maxing out your traditional 401(k), your take-home income for the year is just over $99,000, and your effective tax rate is 18%.

Here is how the taxes shake out:

income tax breakdown

“I Don’t Have Enough Left Over”

I will argue the point made by one of the respondents in the ChooseFI group: After maxing out the 401(k), paying bills, and doing all the things, there isn’t a whole lot left over to put into an after-tax brokerage. Remember, these FI people might also be maxing out an HSA ($8,550) and a Roth ($7,000). If so, we’re now at $83,600, but we still haven’t paid for anything for daily life yet. 

We’re at $6,900/month. Let’s start paying some bills.

I tracked my spending in 2022 at www.biggerpockets.com/mindysbudget, and reality shows my spending to be $6,500/month on average. (Which is absolutely NOT what I thought my spending was, and I encourage everyone to track their spending in real time for a few months to determine your ACTUAL spending, not what you THINK you’re spending.)

That doesn’t leave a whole lot left over to put into an after-tax brokerage account if I were this fictional person in the example above—about $400/month.

The Argument for Brokerage Accounts Anyway

And while Sean (and Brad and Chris) all espoused the tax benefits of the traditional 401(k), paying 10% penalties to get your money is 10% PLUS paying income tax on the withdrawals—income tax brackets start at $1 income. Compare that to the capital gains tax rates that apply to brokerage accounts but don’t start until $96,701—AND keep in mind that’s just the GAIN. 

My friend Jeremy Schneider over at Personal Finance Club made this EXCELLENT graphic to show just how powerful the brokerage account can be—and how you can access up to $253,400 TAX-FREE!

I reached out to Jeremy to ask him to break this down further, and he did not disappoint. He said:

“There are special tax brackets set by the federal government for capital gains. Capital gains are when you sell stuff for a profit, like the investments you hold in a regular brokerage account. In 2025, the lowest capital gains tax bracket is 0% for single filers with up to $48,350 in income and married filers with up to $96,700 income. That means if you retire early and find yourself with no other income, you can ‘realize’ up to that much in capital gains each year and pay ZERO federal tax.

Additionally, the married filing jointly standard tax deduction for 2025 is $30,000. So you get to subtract that amount from any income before you apply the tax bracket. That means you can actually realize up to $126,700 in gains and still pay ZERO federal tax. ($126,700 – $30,000 standard deduction = $96,700, which all falls in the 0% capital gains bracket.)

Furthermore, you don’t pay tax on any PRINCIPAL of your investments. For example, if you invested $10,000 and it grows to $15,000, and then you sell and spend the money, you would only be on the hook to pay tax on the gain of $5,000, not the full amount of $15,000. The example in this post assumes Will and Whitney’s investments have doubled when they sell, meaning they wouldn’t owe capital gains tax on the $126,700 of principal, giving them a total of $253,400 they can spend in a year and pay zero tax.

Of course, this is for long-term capital gains—meaning investments you’ve held for MORE than one year. Regular income tax applies to short-term capital gains—investments held for less than one year.”

tax free infographic

It’s Important When It Happens to YOU

One point I brought up in Episode 543, and want to restate here, is that I have 100+ emails in my inbox from listeners of the BiggerPockets Money Podcast who identify with the Middle-Class Trap and are looking for a way out of it. 

When it’s happening to you, it kind of doesn’t matter that you’re “in the minority” of people with this issue. You’re 100% of your own personal experience.

Scott and I didn’t start talking about the Middle-Class Trap to cause an inter-podcast war. We brought it up to get our listeners to start thinking about where their money is going. To start directing it on purpose so they can reach early retirement and actually retire, because they’ve got money in the correct buckets.

Sean mentioned the 72T option, which Scott and I also brought up in our episode, How to Avoid the Middle-Class Trap. This option, once initiated, requires you to take essentially the same distribution for at least five years, or until you reach age 59½, whichever comes first, but these distributions are penalty-free. 

Not tax-free—you still pay income tax on the distribution. And while 72T can be started at any age, the younger you are when you start, the longer you have to take this money. Uncle Sam wants his money!

Another option—but only available to people age 55 or older—is the Rule of 55, which allows for penalty-free withdrawals so long as you’ve separated from the company you have your 401(k)/IRA with, and have reached age 55. You can get another job, but if you roll over your 401(k)/IRA to the new company, your withdrawals must stop. 

There ARE options available to you, but only if you know to ask about them.

Verbal Numbers Are Hard to Follow

During Episode 543, I was spouting out numbers from actual Finance Friday guests to try to illustrate my point, and Sean helpfully put them all into a chart in his article so you can follow along. I think Sean’s summary of these four scenarios is spot on: “Persons A, B, and D are not in the Middle-Class Trap. Rather, they are in a situation where they need to work longer…”

Ultimately, this is where our Finance Friday guests frequently find themselves: not as FI as they thought they were.

Which I think goes back to the top: Your home equity is part of your net worth, but should not be included in your calculations when determining how much you have for retirement. 

I’m so happy this discussion that Scott and I started sparked so much conversation in our community. All these different points of view only help us all learn. 

Thanks to Brad Barrett and Chris Mamula for the conversation and to Sean Mullaney, The FI Tax Guy, for this thoughtful response.

The Money Podcast

Kickstart your personal finance journey with Scott and Mindy as they break down the good, bad, and ugly of people’s personal money stories. From interviews with entrepreneurs and business owners to breakdowns of listener finances, you’ll get actionable advice on how to get out of debt and grow your money.





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You’ve reached the halfway point to joining the two-comma club! Now what? 

Just like you outgrew that small floor mattress in your first apartment, you’ve outgrown some of the money habits you had when you were trying to get your net worth to six figures. What got you there won’t serve you as well now as you hone in on becoming a millionaire and beyond. 

As you set your sights higher, take these steps to shore up your finances—and move closer to your true life goals. 

Update Your Estate Plan

Have a last will document? If so, when was the last time you updated it? 

At a half-million-dollar net worth, you probably don’t need anything super fancy drawn up by an attorney. But you do need something legally binding, comprehensive, and in writing. Start with DIY platforms like LegalZoom or LawDepot to keep costs low. 

This goes doubly for anyone with kids. Your will states clearly who should raise them if you meet an untimely demise. But it also protects your spouse and clearly states your wishes regarding how your assets should be handled. 

Chat With a Financial Planner

I get it: You’re a brilliant real estate investor, and no one knows more about investing than you. 

Do you know everything about tax loss harvesting? Which types of assets to hold in which tax-advantaged accounts? How often to rebalance your portfolio, or how to automate it?

It’s time to get over your ego and speak with an expert. They’ll help you spot the gaps in your knowledge that you don’t even know about. 

I have them. You have them. We all have blind spots—and if we knew what they were, they wouldn’t be blind spots. 

Start Rebalancing Your Portfolio

Your investment portfolio drifts over time as some asset classes perform better than others. 

Rebalancing helps you sell high and buy low. It forces you to sell off your overperforming investments and buy the underperformers that will come back around sooner or later. 

Robo-advisors can handle this for you. For example, I use Charles Schwab’s robo-advisor, which is free and requires just $5,000 to get started. 

Form an Independence Plan

Do you want to have to work when you’re 80 to keep a roof over your head?

I want to reach financial independence as early as possible. When you can cover your living expenses with passive income from investments, work becomes optional. 

Keep in mind that you come to this problem from the expense side, not just the investing side. If you reduce your living expenses, it gets much easier to reach financial independence. In fact, there are countries in the world where you can live comfortably on $2,000 a month. You might be financially independent already if you moved to one! 

I know firsthand—I live overseas as an expat myself. And I still invest in U.S. real estate every single month, to keep growing my passive income. 

Keep Adding Passive Income Streams

You can and should also attack the problem on the investing side: building more passive income. 

Sure, you probably earn a little passive income from your S&P 500 index fund. But don’t expect to live off those dividends at the current yield of 1.27%. That’s lower than the inflation rate. 

Every month, I invest in passive real estate investments through SparkRental’s co-investing club. I invest $5,000 at a time (instead of the typical minimums of $50,000 or $100,000), and most of the investments pay ongoing income. 

On the low end, some of the syndications we’ve invested in pay distributions in the 4%-6% range. Others pay 8%, and some don’t pay any distributions yet if the property requires major renovations. 

We’ve also invested in notes paying 10%-16% interest. One has matured and repaid in full; the others continue to pay as promised. 

Some funds and private partnerships we’ve invested in also pay high yields. One land-flipping fund pays a 16% distribution yield. 

The point: It’s a lot easier to start covering some living expenses with passive income when you earn those kinds of yields, compared to 1.27% from the stock market. Every $100,000 I invest in that land-flipping fund adds another $16,000 to my annual income. 

Start Offsetting Passive Income With Depreciation

As you build more passive income and investment profits (capital gains), you’ll owe more taxes. Taxes may not have cost you much earlier in your journey, but they’ll start adding up as you scale both your passive and active income. 

Fortunately, they’re easy to wipe off your tax return with depreciation

When you invest in real estate—either directly or through syndications—you get to write off the value of the buildings and everything inside them. In the case of syndications, operators accelerate this depreciation write-off with a cost segregation study. 

The bottom line: You show a loss on your tax return, even as you collect real income. 

This forms the basis of the “lazy 1031 exchange” strategy. You offset your passive income, capital gains, and depreciation recapture by simply investing in new syndications. 

Best of all, you don’t have to fool around with qualified intermediaries or stiff timelines. You just invest in new syndications in the same calendar year as you collected income or profits to offset them. 

And when you invest $5,000 at a time, like I do, that gets extra easy and convenient. 

Get More Strategic with Retirement Accounts

You can do more clever things with your retirement accounts than you realize. 

At the simplest level, start by getting more strategic about which assets you hold in which accounts. For example, put your high-growth stocks in your Roth IRA, where they can shoot up in price tax-free. Put your more conservative investments in your traditional IRA or taxable brokerage account. 

Earn too much to invest in a Roth IRA? Make backdoor Roth contributions

Open a health savings account (HSA) as a secondary retirement account. You’ll certainly have no shortage of health-related bills in retirement, and these offer the best tax benefits of any account in the U.S. 

When you’re ready to dig deeper, consider opening a self-directed IRA or solo 401(k). Read up on creative ways to use your retirement accounts and keep more of your own money. 

Start Buying Back Your Time

Money is a renewable resource. You can create more of it. 

On the other hand, time is not renewable. You have a certain number of hours remaining in your life, and the clock is ticking. 

Wealthy people understand that their time is their most valuable asset. They look for ways to buy more free time and spend their working hours doing only what lights them up. 

Do you need to do your own yard work? Or can the neighbor’s kid do it for you for $20? 

We order most of our groceries online nowadays. I rarely visit the grocery store or run similar errands. Neither my wife nor I do housework or home improvement projects. I walk to a co-working space rather than sitting in traffic on a commute. 

Some people don’t check their own emails. They pay a virtual assistant to manage their inbox and connect with them once a day for 15-30 minutes to update each other.  

Start finding ways to buy back your time so you can focus on doing only the things that light you up. As you get closer to a seven-figure worth, aim to increasingly protect your time—to shrink the hours you spend unfulfilled and scale up the hours spent with family, friends, hobbies, and meaningful work. 

I love looking over passive investments and speaking with other investors in our co-investing club about them. Even after reaching financial independence, I plan to keep working—because I love what I do. 

As you earn more, put yourself in that position of loving your work so much that you’ll keep doing it long after it becomes optional.

Analyze Deals in Seconds

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What if you could create multiple income streams and live for “free” with just ONE rental? Today, we’ll show you why a small multifamily property is still one of the best investments you can make and how buying one in 2025 could catapult you toward financial freedom!

Welcome back to the Real Estate Rookie podcast! With less competition than both single-family homes and large multifamily properties, small multifamily is the “sweet spot” for investors looking to break into real estate and buy their first rental property. Ashley started her investing journey with a duplex and still believes this is the best investing strategy for rookies today. In this episode, she will show you how to find and buy your first small multifamily property, step by step!

Along the way, you’ll learn everything from developing your buy box and analyzing rental properties to getting the best financing terms with the house hacking strategy. But that’s not all. Once you have your property under contract, you’ll need to know how to find and manage tenants, so we’ll share the biggest (and most common) multifamily management mistakes to avoid!

Tony:
If you are a brand new investor who’s stuck at the starting line or even maybe a more experienced investor wondering what your next move is, you’re in for a treat today because we’re asking kind of a simple but powerful question. What would Ashley care do if she had to start over right now? No properties, no connections, just the knowledge that she has today.

Ashley:
Yeah, it’s kind of a fun thing to think about this little experiment of starting over and what I do, and even though Tony and I get shiny object syndrome by talking to new investors every week, I can honestly say that I would still start with a small multifamily.

Tony:
And today we’re digging into exactly why small multifamily still makes maybe the most sense in today’s market for Ricks. And Ashley’s going to give a step-by-step playbook of what she would do if she had to build her portfolio over from the ground up.

Ashley:
So I think we should talk about getting into how to find deals, what kind of loan products are available to start with, and how I would build my team starting at day one. But don’t worry, I’ve made enough rookie mistakes for the both of us, so I’ll share what I’d avoid this time around too. This is the Real Estate Rookie podcast, and I’m Ashley Care.

Tony:
And I’m Tony j Robinson. And with that, let’s get into Ashley starting all over. So I guess maybe the best place for us to start, why is small multifamily maybe the best entry point right now for Ricks?

Ashley:
There’s less competition. Okay, so there’s more competition going after single family homes as you’re competing against investors and primary homeowners for the larger multifamily, you’re getting into commercial investments there where you’re running into syndications and you need a lot more money for a larger multifamily. So I really like the sweet spot between two to six units for small multifamily, two to four units is residential, anything over four units is commercial. So with that being said, I think that there’s less competition in this area. There’s not as many people looking to buy these types of properties, and that’s where you can have a huge advantage. But also there is great financing that you can get for these, especially the two to four units being if it is going to be your primary residents too.

Tony:
I think for a lot of rookies, Ashley, the idea of buying multiple units at once can feel maybe a little intimidating. So you’ve done a lot of different types of investing. How does the learning curve for small multifamily compare to flipping houses or burying a property?

Ashley:
And I think that depends on how much risk you’re taking on. If you are purchasing a four unit and you know that you need to consistently have all three units rented and you’re going to live in one unit, because if all three are vacant, two are vacant and you can’t afford the mortgage payment, that’s definitely more risk. But if you go into this saying that I can actually afford the mortgage payment, I don’t want to because I’m trying to lower my cost of living, I’m trying to live for free, I’m trying to save capital for the next deal, living below my means you have less risk. So you have that opportunity to go in this property. Worst case scenario, you have to make the full mortgage payment because you have a vacancy or you have a tenant that’s not paying. And if you find a property that’s somewhat close to what you could actually afford to pay from the income of your W2 income, or if you went and bought a single family house, this is what you could afford.
But instead buying the duplex, buying the triplex where for many months your mortgage payment is made by the tenants or a large majority of it. And so instead of going and buying that big house, you’re scaling down by living in one of the units an apartment, but it could be the same price as to what you could afford for a single family. So depending on what type of risk you’re willing to take on, this can be a lot safer investment as a new investor because you have those tenants covering the overhead of your property. But also if you do have something happen where you are not getting that rental income coming in, it won’t be catastrophic because you don’t have your own mortgage payment. This is your only mortgage payment and you’re able to cover it.

Tony:
I definitely want to touch on house hacking with small multifamily, but I guess just from a education perspective, do you feel that small multifamily is harder for a Ricky to grasp than flipping houses different skill sets, but do you feel that it would be harder for someone who’s just getting started?

Ashley:
No, I think the nice thing about flipping houses is you have to deal with contractors and things like that, but once the deal is done, the deal is done and you move on. But if you’re going to be a landlord, you’re going to be a property manager, you’re getting a property for a long period of time, you do have the option to sell the property. But usually if you want to make some money, you’re holding onto the property for longer than a year at least where property, if you’re flipping it, it’s one and done. So if you’re making mistakes, this property is not working out for you. Your end goal was to sell the property anyways. But with being a landlord and having small multifamily, whether you’re house hacking or you’re just renting out all of the units, you do have to learn that that is an operation piece.
So it is not truly passive, but it is definitely something that you can achieve. You can hire a property management company, you could hire someone to actually be your manager. You can also do self-management yourself by putting the right systems and in place. So you do have many options as to what type of landlord you want to be and how much you want to outsource. You can outsource the bookkeeping but handle everything else. You can get a VA to do the communication but handle everything else. So there’s that really nice aspect where you can pick and choose what type of operations you want to do. So for real, as I had said, managing tenants can sometimes feel like a lot of work, but it doesn’t have to be. And for me, it all changed when I found Turbo Tenant. There are free software that makes managing rentals super easy.
I used to waste so much time on paperwork and chasing down rent. Now with Turbo Tenant, I have everything in one place. They even have state specific leases, digital condition reports, and a simple way to schedule showings without all the back and forth. Their automated rent collection saves me so many hours every month and their maintenance management keeps me organized. Everything’s in one place on your phone, so you can be a landlord from anywhere. I’m actually good at managing rentals now, not just finding deals. So check it out at turbo tenant.com/biggerpockets and create your free account today.

Tony:
You make so many good points. Ash, I think what it really comes down to is that every strategy takes a certain level of education and building of your confidence and small multifamily, although slightly different than other strategies, it’s not something that’s out of reach. I think even for the Ricky investors that are listening. But I want to go back to the point you made about house hacking, right? I guess you could technically do a live-in flip, so you’re kind of house hacking, right? But small multifamily is unique because it is one of the best vehicles for house hacking. So I guess can you explain the benefits both in terms of the cash upfront and reducing your own expenses that come along with house hacking, small multifamily?

Ashley:
Yeah, so first of all, it’s going to be your primary residence, so you get the great financing terms of primary residence if it’s four units or less. If you’re going to the five or six, you’ll have to get commercial lending on that and you won’t get the benefits of this aspect of house hacking, the financing piece of it. So you’ll get your lower interest rate than you would if it was an investment property. You can get 30 year fixed, a low down payment if you’re using an FHA loan or even 5% down using conventional loan. Tony, you’ve mentioned the N loan before. I don’t know, can you use that for small multifamily? Is that only single family?

Tony:
Yeah, up to four units.

Ashley:
I looked at the USDA loan and that one appears to, that’s also 0% down, but that appears to only be for single family and then of course in rural areas. But the VA loan too, you can use the VA loan for small multifamily also. So that first piece right there is the benefits of the financing that me as an investor going to buy rental property that I’m not going to live in. I am not getting those grade of terms and that grade of financing. So you do have an opportunity to maybe make a better offer on the property or offer more because you’re not putting as much money down as someone else may have to if they’re having to come up with 20 or 25% too. If you’re getting a lower interest rate, you may be able to pay a little bit more, so your offer may be better.
There is the downside that some sellers look at, oh, they’re doing an FHA loan or they’re doing a VA loan where there are inspections that happen outside of your traditional home inspection to actually move the loan along where someone will say, you know what? I don’t want to deal with that, but the conventional loan is 5% down. So just putting that little bit extra down, going conventional, you can avoid those inspections and still put in a great offer. So I think that financing piece is a really huge benefit right there. But as Tony said, it’s not really a live and flip, but you can treat this property like a live and flip. You can live in one unit, rent out the other units. I think in a perfect scenario in my head, you are purchasing a property that has one vacant unit and then there’s one that has somebody in it.
You move into the property and if it’s going to be your primary residence, the bank is going to require you to move in within a certain amount of time anyways, so you’re moving into that vacant unit and you’re going to remodel it while you live in there. Then you’re going to offer the tenants that live in your other units say, Hey, you can move into this brand new unit I just renovated for X amount of money or unfortunately, then you can say that, I’m sorry, I’m not going to renew your lease and I’m going to renovate the property when it comes up time for the lease renewal. And then you move into the second property and you live in that one and renovate it and list the brand new one for rent and get someone in there that’s paying a really nice high rent for that one because it’s completely renovated.
Then year two comes along, you’ve renovated both units, and now you can sell the property and get the tax-free gains. You have two beautifully redone units, so you got to live in the property for very low amount of money that, for example, my sister, she house hacks a duplex and she was paying when she first bought it, $45 a month towards her mortgage payment, which included her insurance and her property taxes. And if she would’ve rented in that same area, very similar unit, she would’ve been paying about $900 a month. So she was saving about $850 a month by purchasing this property and living in it. So you do that two year mark and then you have this property renovated, you go and sell the property and now you have this influx of that is tax free. And sometimes if you get the right market, you get appreciation, you’re getting your mortgage paid down, you’re getting that equity from your tenants paying down your mortgage, you get appreciation. You could actually walk away with a really nice size chunk of money. The IRS does have limitations that you can’t go over that if you’re a couple married couple, you can’t do over. I think it’s, is it 500,000 or a million? Tony, do you know offhand?

Tony:
I’m not sure.

Ashley:
But there’s limitations as to how much is tax free from the sale of a home. So think about can you actually make that money? How easy is it for you to live somewhere and make money just renovating something, making that tax-free money over the course of two years. But then you also have the option to keep that property as a rental. You’ve already got the nice long-term financing on it. If you do have an FHA loan or a VA loan, you will most of the time have to refinance out of those loan products if you want to use that same loan and product. Again, there are some exceptions, and I always love the people who comment in the YouTube video and tell me what those exceptions are because I never remember them. So please, if you know what they are, please, I would love it if you would add them in the comment section.
So if someone really is wondering what the exceptions are, you can put ’em in. I know one is relocating for your job or things like that, you can actually leave the property early and not live there for the two year requirement. But yeah, so I think one of the best things is that you have an opportunity to go along those two paths and when you’re at the two year mark, you can sit and you can evaluate, does this make sense to keep as a rental? Literally run the numbers over the next five years as to what your cashflow is going to be, what CapEx improvements are you going to have to make over the next five years, and does that just completely wipe out your cash flow anyways? And what do you expect the property to be valued at in five years if you were to sell it? Then also look at, okay, if I sell this property now I’m getting this money tax free, what can I do with that money?

Tony:
Yeah, you touched on so many great things, Ash, right? So first, the learning curve for small multifamily is not much more complicated than any of the other strategies we talk about on the Ricky Podcast, right? It is just more units under one roof. You get the ability to house hack in a way that’s a little bit more comfortable than co-living. And then you also, especially if you house hacking, gets to a significant reducer, your cost to acquire the property as well as significantly reduce your monthly living expenses. So I can see why small multifamily is such a big part of your portfolio and why it does make sense for so many rookies today. And I think now that we’ve got a good sense of why multifamily is such a great option for Ricks, I want you actually to break down what you would do today if you were starting over, how would you rebuild your small multifamily portfolio from scratch if you were starting over today? But first, we’re going to take a quick break to hear a word from today’s show sponsors. Alright guys, welcome back. Well, now we know why multifamily is such an attractive option for Ricky Investors, but let’s kind of get into the weed of it here, right? The nitty gritty here. So I want to know actually, what would you do if you were starting over say, but I guess before I even get into that, just one question. Do you think it’s easier to scale your portfolio with small multifamily than it is with single family? And if so, why?

Ashley:
I do think it is easier to scale because you are getting the four units, three units with one loan product, and you’re doing that acquisition process once for those three units compared to buying three separate single family homes. So just the time that is put into the acquisition of a property, it is easier to buy those three units at once in a triplex than to go out and buy three individual single family homes where you’re completing a transaction for each of them you’re having to do at three different times, whereas the triplex, you’re doing it one time. So even just that initial step of acquiring the property is an easier barrier to entry than buying three separate single family homes.

Tony:
And I get why so many investors as they mature, they start to graduate into larger properties because once you, and I’ll say this, I don’t mean for this to come across in a negative way, but looks like once you bang your head against the wall enough times with a single family home, you start to identify the benefits of having multiple units under one roof. And for us, we’ve purchased lots of single family Airbnbs. We bought our first and our first hotel last year, and even though we have 13 rooms in this hotel, essentially 13 separate small little studio Airbnbs management is so much easier on that one 13 unit than it is for the equivalent of 13 separate single family homes that I manage. And just as I think about the architecture of my portfolio moving forward, the idea of multiple units, underrun roof is so much more attractive because there’s so many benefits that come with that.

Ashley:
Tony, that’s so funny because on the management piece, I actually think the opposite. So I think that as far as tenant management, and I think that it is so much easier for the properties that I have that are single family homes, it is, they care more about it because it’s just them. It seems there’s a lot less, I would say maintenance and repairs or issues with the single family homes because they take a kind of ownership that is their property that they’re living in. Also too, with the single family home, you can have the tenant pay a lot of the things that you would have to include for a multifamily, such as if it’s just one person or one family living in the single family home, it’s easy to say in the lease agreement, you’re in charge for the lawn care, you’re in charge for snow removal, things like that where if it’s a duplex and it’s a shared driveway, a shared yard, it’s not as easy to say that.
So you’re paying those costs and think about when you’re purchasing a property, what are those shared things? Having a cleaner, common clean, a common area can get really expensive. And having tenants that come in and out and not caring about if their boots are muddy, it’s not their place. They take their boots off before they get to their apartment, but they don’t care if they do it up and down the hall because that shared with the other tenants. So that is a whole aspect that I would prefer a single family is that management piece. But as far as getting vendors in place to do the lawn care, if the snowplowing or plumber, things like that definitely is a lot nicer. Having one roof where you’re just paying for a driver to go to one property instead of three different properties, that obviously cuts down a lot on your overhead for your expenses that way too.

Tony:
You’re absolutely right. I think the different asset classes, right, because you’re doing traditional long-term rental, I’m doing short-term and for me, my guests don’t care about the place, whether it’s a single family or a hotel, they’re going to treat it like it’s not theirs. So I think for us, the benefit that we got was honestly was the onsite management. That was a big thing for us was with 13 units all under one roof, we could afford to have someone who’s there full time, and that really does cut down on our contracting expenses. We’re not paying as many cleaners to come through. They can handle a lot of the small issues that come up and just the oversight is so tight. So yeah, I think it probably does actually, I think very little bit depending on the strategy. But I want to go back to you starting from scratch. So if you were starting today, and again, you’ve got no connections, you’re not Ashley Care co-host of the Real Estate Rookie podcast, you’re just Ashley,

Ashley:
Which was how I started. I didn’t even know what BiggerPockets, I didn’t know. I knew the guy that I worked for and he really didn’t know that much about real estate. He worked in another industry.

Tony:
So no connections, right? None of your current properties. What would you look for in that first small multifamily? What price range, what kind of location, what unit mix are you looking at?

Ashley:
Honestly, I think I would do it the same way that I started before I went for a duplex, but honestly, I wasn’t specifically looking for duplex. I was looking at single family two really small, and that’s what I ended up with. The duplex was I wanted a really small, manageable property. So this duplex was, I think each unit was probably 600 square feet and it was a downstairs unit, an upstairs unit, and I did want something at the time that had a tenant in it so that I was getting rent from day one. So with this property, there was a tenant living in the downstairs, and then in the upstairs there was room for some value add, but not walls gutted. It was just we replaced the bathroom floor, just put in some vinyl plank, the kitchen, we put in some vinyl plank in the kitchen and we actually replaced the kitchen cabinets, which it was such a small kitchen that we just did the Lowe’s stock, hickory cabinets, and then we painted it.
And one of the reasons we felt comfortable with doing this amount of rehab was we weren’t ripping apart walls, we weren’t getting into the plumbing, taking out the bathtub, anything like that. So it was really comfortable for us just doing these minor upgrades to the apartment, and we actually hired my partner on the deal, his roommate, to actually install the floor and to put the kitchen cabinets in. When we went and looked at the deal and purchased ’em, we did not have anyone lined up. And that was kind of like, oh, we’ll be able to get someone like that’s not an issue. That is one thing I wish I would’ve done ahead of time. The roommate did a great job, but that just happened to fall in our lap that he was available and he did this as a side job for us. So I think I would’ve planned better as to, okay, who are my contractors that I want to use? Are they available when I close on this property so I can get that other unit rented as quickly as possible? But I would say stay away from large full gut rehabs or lots of issues for your first deal, just do something that needs cosmetic updating. It has good bones.

Tony:
So looking actually basically for something that from a renovation standpoint isn’t too much of a lift, which I think makes ton of sense, right? We’ve seen both in folks we’ve interviewed on the podcast and elsewhere where they may be bought off a little bit more than they can chew with that first rehab. So I love that approach. So you’ve kind of got your buy box in terms of what it is you’re looking for, but I guess in terms of actually finding those deals, are you just going to go straight to Zillow? Are you going to maybe network with commercial brokers? Are you working with wholesalers? What do you feel would be the route you would go down and actually find that deal today?

Ashley:
I thought it was so beneficial for me to use an agent for my first deal. That is one thing I highly would recommend if you’ve never gone through the process of purchasing a property before is using an agent. And my first deal, I did find on the MLS right now today, if I was looking for a deal first, I would tell anyone and everyone that you’re looking for property. So I just bought a house from my dad’s best friend just because he knows that I buy houses. And he approached me two years ago and we just closed on it. There’s been a two years in the works. So I think just word of mouth, but you should not completely rely on that, but that will be a way to get really great deals without having to go on the market. Then building out your buy box, putting together what your buy box is, we have a resource at biggerpockets.com/rookie resource, and it’s a template to build your buy box out.
Once you have that done, you can use the filters, you can sort through all of the MLS listings so much faster, but you can also give it to your agent so that your agent knows, okay, these are the deals that Ashley is interested. This one I think really would be something she would like. It fits her buy box. I’m going to send it to her also too that you can get the automated emails sent to you. Next is direct mail. So even if you don’t want to pay to have 500 mailers sent out to an area, you can use the Driving for Dollars app from reim. You can pinpoint addresses as you’re driving through, pull up their mailing address off their tax record and send a handwritten note. Print a letter maillet, ask if you’re interested, but you need to really define your buy box to be able to do that without wasting your time.
And then of course on stream, I do love filtering the list. So selecting, okay, what homes are the people that are living there on the verge of bankruptcy or that their taxes are passed due on the property? And you can go through and niche down your filters that way to get a list of people or people who have high equity in their home, maybe I can get them to do seller financing on their property. But always, always, always just be telling people what you’re trying to do and always just saying, Hey, if you ever want to sell, let me know. Stay in touch. You never know when someone’s going to want to move to Florida and live there, live the rest of their life out there in the warm weather.

Tony:
I think the biggest thing that I see Ricky’s get wrong when it comes to finding deals is that they think that they can just look at any property in the MLS and there’s just going to be this plethora of amazing opportunities. But a lot of times you have to manufacture that deal. And what I mean by that is just because a property is listed at some price doesn’t mean that that’s the only price that the seller’s willing to take. And unless you’re willing to have conversations and negotiate and analyze deals and make offers, you won’t always know how flexible that seller is on the potential pricing regardless of where it’s coming from, whether it’s CMLS, whether it’s off market, whether it’s working with an agent. So just know you got to put in the work and I think have those conversations to find those good deals. But BiggerPockets actually just launched a new tool to help rookies and really real estate investors of all types more easily and more quickly find a good deal. So if you head over to biggerpockets.com/listings, you’ll see a new tool that we put together that works very similar to a lot of the sites you’re familiar with, but it shows all of the critical information that we as investors need both income expenses and profitability,

Ashley:
All the calculations for you, so you don’t even have to do your own math,

Tony:
All the calculations. Yeah. So it really is an amazing tool. So again, if you head over to biggerpockets.com/listings, you’ll see that tool there.

Ashley:
I have played around with it and it is incredible. You look at the MLS listing, and usually if I see a property I’m in said I open up the BiggerPockets calculator report and I’m filling in all the information, it will pull some of the information from Zillow, but then I’m going through and calculating a lot of the data that I want to know and the percentages and the ratios where it just literally shows you right in the listing as to what your estimated rent is, what the estimated cash cashflow is based off the expenses. And it truly is incredible, and I think it’s going to be a big game changer how fast investors can actually make offers on deals because they have this information right in front of them now that they can actually sort through deals faster and faster.

Tony:
So Ashley, let’s say that we find an amazing small multifamily, whether it’s from the agent, from the wholesaler, from the BiggerPockets listenings tool. How do I know if it’s actually a good deal? How do you go about analyzing small multifamily to know if it’s actually a good deal or not? What are the big things we should be looking at?

Ashley:
Yeah, so I think you got to know your why. What is a good deal for you? So do you care about cashflow right now because you want to quit your W2 job? Do you care about appreciation because you’re going to hold this property for 20 years and it’s going to be your retirement nest egg when you sell it? So I think you really have to know your why and what you want out of this investment. So is that you’d want this to be as passive as possible, is this, you want to put a ton of sweat equity into it so you’re maximizing your return because there’s definitely that balance of how much time and effort you’re putting into the property as to what your return your output is going to be if done correctly. Obviously you can put a time and effort into a deal, but you just don’t do it correctly or something happens and the deal flops, but most of the time, the more passive the deal, the less return you’re going to get.
So you kind of need to understand what makes a good deal to you, because what makes a good deal to me right now is not going to make a good deal to Tony right now, completely different as to what a good deal is. So let’s look at cashflow for a property. If you’re going to be house hacking the property, what amount of the mortgage being paid for is comfortable for you. A couple of years ago, like 2020, even when we first started this podcast, we would have guests on that. I’m living for free off house hacking. That is not as common anymore, and it is harder to find guests that are actually saying, I’m house hacking and I pay zero. I’m having somebody pay all of my mortgage, all of my utilities, all of the toilet paper supply I put into the house. And that’s why I think co-living has become bigger because you are renting by the room instead of the house hacking in a sense of renting out different units and things like that where it makes sense that way.
But I think that’s a big thing as far as when you’re looking at an investment, what are you comfortable with? Because this is going to be your own property too that you’re living in. Like me, I said before, I just like to be home and be alone, and I don’t really like to talk to people that much. As much as that may seem hard to believe, I don’t think that I could come home from a long day of, I don’t know, doing what and have to have small talk with someone in the living room or kitchen because they’re making a meal the same time that I want to make a meal. So I think you really have to think of those personal choices too. As much as we like to say, don’t make the deal emotional. If it is going to be your primary residence and you end up hating your life and do not like your living circumstances, but it’s a great cashflow and a tremendous deal, but you are in a horrible neighborhood where you’re scared for your life every day, maybe that return, that cashflow, that money is not worth it because your quality of life has just decreased significantly.
So once you figure out all that stuff or whatever, focus on the numbers and figure out why haven’t you made an offer on a deal? Because when you’re running the numbers, you can find all the numbers or a really good estimate of them. The easiest number to manipulate is not the rental income by figuring out ways to increase the rental value or what’s the max you could actually charge to make your deal work. It’s the purchase price. Just because the asking prices this much does not mean that is the purchase price. And Scott Trench did a video of this on the BiggerPockets OG channel talking about days on. So go right now, pull up the market you want to invest in. Look back at properties that sold, and then scroll down to where it shows the days on market, the days pending. So for example, in New York, it can take three months to close on a property.
So just because a property closed today, that offer was probably made three months ago. So it’s not really comparable as to what somebody is paying right now in the spring market for a property, but also look at how long those properties are sitting, how long are they staying? I just saw an article in the New York Times that was, or the New York Post, and it talked about the cities where properties are selling the fastest. So the lowest days on market was 13 days on average, and that was Rochester, New York number two, whereas on my Buffalo Bills fan, bills mafia was Buffalo, New York. Okay? So there was actually in the top 10, there were four cities that actually were in New York that had the fastest selling days on market. I read the article quickly, it really did not explain why. It said part of the reason they think is because it’s lower cost of entry that there was all of this industrialization, and then it became the Rust Belt, and now people are moving back there because of the opportunity there.
Where then the article went on to mention the Sunbelt and specifically Fort Lauderdale in Austin, Texas, how they’re seeing a really high days on market where properties aren’t selling as fast too on the property. So looking at those days on market, because if properties are sitting for a long time, you have more of an opportunity to make a lower offer because most often those people are more motivated to sell the property. And when you are looking at what properties sold for, go and look at what the asking price is. So you can look and see, and I know there are some states that don’t actually disclose what the property sold for. So sorry, this won’t relate to you, but you can go and look and you can see, okay, this property sold for 200,000. They had it listed at 280,000, but they ended up letting it go for 200,000. So look to see if there are those discrepancies between the asking price and what the actual purchase price is. So an even better amount of what deals are actually going for in your area.

Tony:
So many things to consider as you’re analyzing and thinking about what deal makes a good deal. But again, we talk about this a lot and I love that you highlighted this ash, but just knowing what your ultimate goals are, right? If you’re buying this as just a true investment, what is it that’s motivating you, right? Is it cashflow? Is it tax benefits? Is it depreciation? If you’re buying, it’s a house hack, how much are you willing to, are you hoping to spend out of pocket or reduce your living expenses by? So yeah, there’s multiple layers there, but I think at the end of the day, it really comes down to any other deal relying on the numbers. It’s like, what do I actually think that these units can rent out for? What are all of the expenses that I think might go into this? Then what’s the net profit at the end?
And we plugged a few BP tools, but I think that’s why the calculators are so important, especially for rookies, because it forces you to really account for a lot of those things that maybe you would’ve forgotten otherwise. It’s like your closing costs. I’ve seen some people who just say, Hey, my down payment is this and they forget, oh yeah, I’ve forgot to put an extra one to 3% to cover my closing costs. You always talk about snowplowing, it’s septic inspections, there’s different things that pop up. So just making sure that we account for all of those things.

Ashley:
And I think too, if there is something you’re not confident in a number or even several numbers, what does someone charge for snow plowing? Maybe you live in Florida and you’re investing in Buffalo and you like, I don’t even know what to even estimate for that, go to the BiggerPockets forums, go to the real estate rookie Facebook page and literally type in, I am looking to invest in Buffalo, New York. I am looking at properties with a driveway that’s just two cars could fit in about approximately that size. What do you guys pay for snowplowing? And you will get responses. You will get people that’ll tell you or search contractors in those areas and just call them and say, Hey, I’m just kind of getting an idea of what you would charge to plow a driveway that’s this size, whatever. You can go on Google satellite view.
You can use the little measurement tool to measure out the size of the driveway to get an accurate, I get estimate that you can ask people, but you have to do the work. If you don’t know, don’t just continue to guess and then not make offers because you don’t feel confident in your numbers. Do the work of actually finding out what that number is. And it may take phone calls, it may take emails, it may take putting yourself out there. We had somebody put in the BiggerPockets forums like, please do not call me dumb. Please do not say that I don’t know anything about real estate. I’ve done one deal, but yes, I’m still trying to learn. Please don’t make fun of me. And every single comment was so supportive of Be open, this is what everybody is here for, and things like that. It was really great to see that kind of community within BiggerPockets, but don’t be afraid to ask questions.

Tony:
Asha, I want to get into the management. We talked about it a little bit already, but there’s a couple more things I want to hit because obviously managing multiple units under one roof is slightly different, as you mentioned, than one single family home. But before we get into that, we’re going to take our final break. Alright, we’re back. And Ashley’s been giving us a masterclass on small multifamily, and I feel like I’ve never done small multifamily, but I feel like you got me drinking the Kool-Aid a little bit here right now. Ash,

Ashley:
It’s recession proof investing.

Tony:
There you go. I love that. So you talked about some of the challenges already, right? It’s like the common areas having to play police and mediate between your tenants. But I guess maybe what are the most common mistakes that you see people make when it comes to managing small multifamily?

Ashley:
This is good. I like this better that it’s more specific to the management because I have so many lessons learned. The first one is not using property management software. Having that tool, that software, I started working as a property manager manager and everything was pen and paper and it was so much work, so much work. And so once I switched to property management software, that onboarding piece, definitely there is some work, but now a lot of the property management software companies offer onboarding services. Some you pay for, some are free where they assist you with getting all of your information onboarded, but also shows it’s so much easier to start when you get your first rentals, just add your first rental instead of waiting until you have 20 units and then adding them all at once to the software. But using those tools like electron lease agreements, rent collection, anything that is going to help you manage these properties remotely is going to be a huge advantage to you.
I used to have to go to a Dropbox and pick up rent checks. Now I get to stay home and I honestly don’t even know if people have paid or not. I get the emails or whatever, but I don’t check. I just look at my VA sends me a report on the fifth of the month, here’s the people that didn’t pay. Here’s the delinquencies and these are the notices that are going out so I don’t have to do anything for rent. And that makes it so much more passive unless of course they don’t pay. But the next thing leads into that, that I would say as first property management software. The second thing is set the rules in your lease agreement and stick to it. So if you have to, you say you pay by the fifth, late fees start to accrue after that charge those late fees.
If somebody gets behind in rent, go through your process. What is your process to evict someone? New York state? You have to do all these things. And we have an attorney that does it for us where they send the notice, then they file the judgment, then there’s the court and then it goes through. And it does take a long time, but we have learned you have to be really diligent because once you let it slide once that it can become a repeated pattern or it can get so far behind that all of a sudden they owe you $6,000 and you can’t believe that three months have already gone by and they kept promising they would pay and they didn’t. So being really diligent about keeping on top of it, because this is your livelihood, this is your business, and yes, someone has made this property their home, but it is not fair to you that you now have to pay out of pocket to cover the mortgage payment and the other expenses so they can live there for free.
So be diligent. I will have to say that I have a lot of, I am a lot more willing to negotiate a payment plan or different things like that when the tenant comes to me and they come to me before the rent is even due and they say, I’ve never paid rent before. I am going to be late this month. I will pay the late fee. I just want to let you know. And I have so much more respect for them for being proactive. So I do have this mentor of mine, Steve Rosenberg, he had a property management company for a long time, and he did tell me with this though, you have to be careful that you not violating fair housing laws because if you do something for one tenant, you may be required to do it for all of your tenants. So really take that into consideration when you are making these special circumstances if you do as to how broad are they that you have to offer that same thing to somebody else too.

Tony:
Yeah, there’s again, nuance I think with every strategy, but I think calling out those things, especially the expectation and the consistency around the lease, I think that’s just good with any strategy or any type of investing really, whether it’s with your guests, with your tenants, with your contractors, having super clear expectations and then sticking to those expectations, make sure that your business runs smoothly. And I think it’s when we stray away from the things that we know to be true and to be best for our business, that’s when we tend to get ourselves in trouble.

Ashley:
Yeah, I think the last piece I would add on to that is having a communication log. So logging every interaction. I was just sued by a tenant for the first time ever. I evicted him, he owes me $5,000 and he took me to small claims court for his security deposit, even though I had already paid him his security deposit plus an amount of cash for keys just to get him out of the property. So we actually, we were in the eviction process with court dates and everything, and he accepted the cash for keys term and moved out and then sued me even though he had already received his deposit, I was saved because of all of the documentation I had. It was such an easy thing that I literally had every time he communicated with us every time, he didn’t communicate back to us. Every single thing was in our property management software in a log and activity log.
I kept every single email, every single document, and it showed this is the history of this resident. This is what’s happening. This is where we specifically call out. This is where the other judge said that, yes, you’re doing the cash for key terms and signed the agreement that he was getting his security deposit back. So I think if any issues do come up, whether it’s your fault or not, having all of that documentation can really save you so many headaches of having to go back. If I didn’t save anything, this guy probably could have had a case of like, yeah, Ashley, what’s your proof? What are you going to show? So that saves you so much of having to try to dig around and time wasted for whatever the circumstance may be is keeping that really clear communication log. And sometimes you can put something to bed just by resending. There was a couple times that with, when we had a property management company, I would only communicate in email so that everything for certain hot issues or whatever, I wouldn’t do anything over the phone because I wanted everything in writing. And that was to our huge benefit of having everything in writing to be able to send and say on this date, this is what was said and this is what we’re going with or whatever. And having that proof that that person did communicate that at one point too.

Tony:
Yeah, covering your CYA is what we call it. My old W2 is make sure you get everything in writing. Well, actually, you did a phenomenal job of breaking down multifamily, why it still makes sense and why so many rookies should be going after it. And like I said, I’ve never done small multifamily. I’ve done single family long-term rentals, and obviously the single family Airbnbs the hotel. But I think there is something to be said about that small multifamily because there is less competition there. And actually just last thought, we talk about affordability being a challenge right now for many Americans, and I think it was thatch wind who built these micro apartments. So he took small multifamily and made it smaller but bigger. There were a lot of units, but each, and it was really small. And I just wonder if there’s something to be had there. So anyway, it’s a win-win with small multifamily because you’re giving affordable housing to folks, you need it, but she was the investor also capitalizing on the upside. So maybe something more folks should be doing. So you for walking us through that today, Ash.

Ashley:
Yeah, and I think too, you could even look at small motels. People are turning them in boutique motels, but you can turn them into efficiency apartments too pretty easily. They have the bathroom you put in a little kitchen at too to make really small studio units, but that’s kind of another way to use another property type. And I’ve seen schools, my uncle actually did this. He took a school, now, this wasn’t small multifamily, I think they did like 60 units, but he took an old school and he turned it into a multifamily property by turning the old classrooms into rooms. And the old gym became the community center there. And you could take fitness classes, things like that. So I think with multifamily, there’s a lot of other property types that can actually be converted into multifamily. Well, Tony, thank you so much for having me on your show today on the Real Estate Rookie Podcast.

Tony:
My pleasure.

Ashley:
I did create a cool worksheet, a checklist for you guys. It’s a property walkthrough. So when you are going out and looking at these small multifamily properties or really any type of property, I made this whole document of everything you should be looking at and checking when you’re going through the property, especially if you have no experience in construction at all, kind of an idea of here’s the things that you should be looking at. It’s also, you could go through this list with an inspector too, but you can go to biggerpockets.com/rookie resource and look for the property walkthrough checklist. I’m Ashley. And he’s Tony. Thank you guys so much for joining us today on the Real Estate Rookie Podcast.

 

 

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Where would we invest in real estate if we could pick anywhere in the country? Even with many real estate markets stagnating, several markets are still primed for serious growth. Today, Ashley Kehr and Henry Washington join Dave to share the best markets to buy rental properties right now. These markets span coast-to-coast, and we curated a list of nine top markets with the highest potential across the nation.

Want an affordable rental property with high rent prices? We’ve got plenty of places on the list. Looking for appreciating cities with super low vacancy so you’re never without renters? There are cities in this episode for you! We’ve even got markets that are great for fix and flips if you’re looking for some quick(er) cash!

We broke the country into three zones: East, Central, and West. Each investor chose a market in each region that they would invest in TODAY, explaining why the market works, which strategy performs best there, the average home price, rent price, and economic data that makes it better than other cities in the region. Don’t know where to invest in 2025? After this episode, you’ll have nine great options!

Dave:
These are the best markets to buy rental properties right now in the middle of 2025. We keep saying it, but the housing market is shifting more and more towards a buyer’s market every week. So if you’ve been sitting on the sidelines because you don’t know which city or region across the US is the most profitable for real estate investing, now could be the time to actually make that decision and start putting your money to work. And we’ve crunched all the data for you today, we’re going to reveal nine of our favorite markets for investors looking to start or diversify their real estate portfolios.
Hey everyone, I’m Dave Meyer, head of Real Estate investing at BiggerPockets, and today’s show we got for you. It’s back by popular demand because a lot of you have been sending us feedback that you want to hear more about the best places to invest given today’s housing market conditions. So today that’s what we’re doing. We’re sharing some of our favorites once again, and of course I could not make this particular episode without my favorite trusty housing market analyst, Ashley Care, co-host of the Real Estate Rookie podcast, and Henry Washington co-host of On the Market. Ashley, thanks for coming back and joining us today.

Ashley:
Yes, thank you so much for having me

Dave:
And Henry, good to see you again. Thanks for doing all the homework and being here on time. Unlike me.

Henry:
Happy to be here, man. Thanks.

Dave:
The format for today’s show is a little bit more of the same, where we’re going to share with you markets that we actually like, but also go into some of the criteria that we use and the thought process behind each decision that we make and we’re sort of spreading it out. Each of us has been tasked with picking our favorite investing market in three regions of the US, east, central, and west. So we divided the country pretty roughly to be honest, into thirds. This was not very scientific. We basically will put a map up on YouTube if you’re watching this right now. But if you’re listening, the general idea is the east is every state that touches the Atlantic Ocean. Plus we just threw in Vermont and West Virginia for good fun. Our central region is west of that over to Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, and Louisiana. So broadly the Midwest and some of the south and then the west region is everything. If you draw a vertical line from North Dakota down to Texas over to the Pacific Ocean, it’s about half the country by area, but only about one third of the population. So I’m sure many of you’ll leave comments about our horrible geography. Totally understood. That is welcomed, but let’s just get into these investment markets. What’s actually important here, Ashley, you are up first. We’re going to start and go east to west, east region. What’s the market?

Ashley:
I did pick a market that’s close to my hometown of Buffalo, New York, and the reason I picked it is because it’s been making a lot of headlines lately and I wanted to dig a little deeper into this. So this is Rochester, New York,

Ashley:
So

Ashley:
If you haven’t seen it in the yet, they’re talking about how this is the fastest selling market. So I think right now it’s averaging properties, 13 days on market, which is the best right now in the

Dave:
Country. Wow, okay. So maybe you could tell us why that stat alone is something that got you excited about Rochester.

Ashley:
So I thought this would be a great opportunity to actually flip a home
Or to have it as a rental, but plan to sell it within the next couple of years. So some other things that kind of drew my attention is the affordability, a good rent to price ratio at 0.77%. One thing that I was actually really surprised about this as the insurance costs were actually lower than the national average compared to a lot of the other markets at 2100. So it was mid to low range of what other markets were spending for insurance costs. Then also just a lot going on there was 335 million in new capital investments last year. So I really think this would be a good market for flipping. New York state is not landlord friendly and it was estimated that over the next year we could see a 9% increase in the sales price on properties.

Dave:
Alright, well I’m surprised. Just flipping though, I guess what makes you think it wouldn’t be good for holding rentals? Just the landlord friendliness because a rent to price ratio as high as you just listed is definitely one of the better ones, especially for a major city in the country. It does indicate there is possible cashflow in Rochester.

Ashley:
Yeah, I would say the biggest downside is that it’s not landlord friendly, but also another pro if you did want to do a rental here is that the five-year rent increase was 49%, which I thought that was actually really good too. So it could do both flipping or long-term buy and hold.

Henry:
I like this market for a lot of the reasons that you said, but especially for beginner investors because your entry price points are typically going to be low. There’s lots of opportunity because there are a lot of older homes in this region of the country, so that indicates that there’s opportunity to buy distressed properties and as a rookie investor, chances are you’re going to screw something up. And so if you screw something up too bad, this is a great place where you have multiple exits. If you can’t sell it or you go over budget, you can always throw a tenant in it and probably rent it and protect yourself. And so I think it’s a nice safe market if you’re going to get started investing and it’s not a super popular market, so there’s probably less competition. You can probably buy deals right off the MLS. I think it’s a pretty safe market to start in.

Dave:
Ashley, I feel like you brought this city up because it’s my greatest shame and missed opportunity in Rochester. I actually went to college there, lived there for a while and missed this by a thousand miles that Rochester was going to be a really popular place for real estate and investment when I was there. It was honestly pretty depressed. City housing prices were super cheap, unemployment was really high, but it has really turned around a lot and although I’m very happy for the city in that, it was something I actually thought about for a while and decided not to pull the trigger on, although it would’ve been a great decision for me. So don’t follow in my footsteps and perhaps consider Rochester more seriously than I did. Alright, that’s our first market. Thank you. Ashley Henry, tell us about your pick on the east coast.

Henry:
My pick on the east coast is one of my favorite cities just in the country in general. That’s Durham Chapel Hill in North Carolina.

Ashley:
Oh, nice.

Henry:
I’ve always enjoyed the time I spent in Raleigh Durham, North Carolina area. But before we get into that, I want to talk about the way I kind of narrowed down my selections regardless of region. What I was looking for first and foremost was I wanted all the markets where the median home price is under the national average, meaning I can buy a house for less than the national average in the country. And at the same time I wanted all the markets where the median rent was within 10% or above the national average. So I want to be able to buy under the average, but rent at or above the average.

Dave:
I like that criteria. That’s a good one.

Henry:
What I’m looking for with this is opportunities to buy properties that cashflow even in the current economy, but I’m also looking for equity and appreciation. So once I had that list, some of the additional criteria that I look for is I want markets where unemployment is low, where the five year price growth is high and where vacancy is the lowest. Also, I’m looking for population growth to be positive over the last five years. I want it to show a history of people wanting to move there and not just a blip on the radar. And I’m also looking for job growth over that same time period. So if I’m seeing purchase prices under the national average rents at or above the national average, plus people moving there consistently over the last five years and jobs growing over the last five years, that for me is a formula for where you’re going to be able to get cashflow but also some appreciation over time. I want markets where you get both cashflow protects you now, pays you now, but wealth is built through equity and appreciation. So if you can get both, you’re building a pretty safe portfolio. So that’s kind of how I was looking at narrowing down my list.

Dave:
And you could still buy that affordably in Raleigh Durham. I feel like you hear that as one of those markets that’s just grown crazy over the last few years.

Henry:
Yeah, median home price rally Durham is 383,400, which is under the national average, not super low, but median rent price is 1870. So what that tells me is if I do the work to find good deals, I can probably find deals at cashflow. Will I be able to find ’em on the market? Probably not, but that’s typically not how I invest anyway. So based on what I know about how I invest these metrics, tell me if I do the work, I can probably find deals that cashflow five year job growth is 8%, unemployment rate is only 3.3%. Vacancy rate 0.08%.

Dave:
What? Seriously? Yeah,

Henry:
Yeah,

Dave:
That might be the lowest vacancy rate I’ve ever heard.

Henry:
So basically what they’re saying is if it’s available for rent, it’s getting rented and with a median rent price that high, that means if you make your property desirable, you’re going to get it rented and you’re probably going to get good rents. Obviously there’s multiple colleges in this area, so a lot of that is probably college students renting places. But I like this market for that reason. Again, not going to find properties on the market, but if you can do the work, if you’re into buying off market properties, this is a place where you can probably buy value.

Dave:
All right, great. I like it. Very good criteria there and definitely one of the more stable markets. We’ll see what happens with the national housing market, but it just seems like a great market that’s going to continue to keep

Henry:
Growing. I think what people miss about this market is there are a lot of colleges there because their top employers are Duke Healthcare and UNC Chapel Hill, but the third top employer is IBM. It’s a big tech market as well. And so a lot of these people are graduating and going to work for tech in that area, which is great for your properties and Reynolds as well.

Dave:
Alright, great. Well we’ve heard Ashley’s Eastern market with Rochester Henry’s at Raleigh, Durham, North Carolina, and we’ll move on to mine. I think for all of mine. You may have heard of these places, but I doubt you’ve heard any of them mentioned as investing places. I was just trying to pick obscure places that might light a fire or spark some ideas for people who haven’t thought of these markets before. And so what I’m looking for, similar to what Ashley and Henry mentioned, but my main two criteria here are affordability and job growth. To me, those are the best long-term predictors of stability in the housing market and long-term growth. And I also personally don’t buy deals that don’t cashflow within the first year. I’m willing to do a little bit of a rehab, but I need them to get up to that cashflow positive in the first year. And where I came up with was Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Have you guys been there, know anything about it? Have not.

Ashley:
I’ve been there.

Dave:
I guess it’s actually not that far from me, right, Ashley?

Ashley:
Yeah, yeah.

Dave:
Okay. Harrisburg has this surprisingly great economy that I really didn’t know about. Their unemployment rate is 2.9%, well below the national average. There’s a lot of government jobs there because it’s actually the state capital. I was kind of surprised I bad at geography, did not know that before this. I always figured Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, maybe. Nope, it is Harrisburg, but there’s also just a really diversified economy there and the job growth is just going really, really well there. Particularly for a place that isn’t as sexy as Raleigh Durham or is not making any Zillows topless for hottest markets like Rochester. This is just one of those solid towns where as a rental property investor, I think you can build a really strong solid career. It might not have the equity growth that Henry was mentioning, but housing prices have still gone up a lot. They’ve gone up 38% in the last five years, their forecast to go up between four and 6% in the next year, which is above the national average.
So I think there’s a lot to like about a city like this. And actually Henry, you made me think of something because for me, as someone who invests out of state for rental property investing, I do think I looked around just on the BiggerPockets deal finder a little bit before this. You can find cash flowing deals on the market. So I think that’s another criteria for people who are more on the passive side of the spectrum. Like me, that’s something I tend to be a bigger fish in a smaller pond, a little bit less competitive marketplace, and a place like Harrisburg offers that for me.

Ashley:
And don’t forget, it’s also located near Hershey Park, so when you go to visit your property as a tax right off, you can go to Hershey Park.

Dave:
Awesome. All right. Well those are eastern markets. Just as a recap, they’re Rochester, New York, Raleigh Durham, North Carolina, and Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. When we come back, we will move on to the central market stick with us. Welcome back to the BiggerPockets podcast. I’m here with Henry Washington and Ashley Care talking about some of our favorite investing markets for 2025. We’ve moved on from the eastern market now to the central region, which again, we roughly just included Midwest down to where Henry lives in Arkansas, but not including Texas, Oklahoma, that all goes into the west coast. So Henry, let’s start with you. Where did you pick in your home region?

Henry:
In my home region, I did not pick my home region because you wouldn’t allow it, but it did show up in my search criteria. That’s just how amazing of a market. But with this selection, I chose Knoxville, Tennessee, I like Knoxville, Tennessee for a couple of reasons. A Nashville has been one of the hottest real estate markets in the country for some time now, and it’s continuing to grow and expand. And Knoxville, Tennessee is obviously in that same area of the country. Median home price there, 351,000, almost 352,000. You’re not going to get that in Nashville, Tennessee. The median rent though is guess somebody take a guess. What do you think the median rent is?

Ashley:
1750

Henry:
Ashley.

Ashley:
1400

Henry:
$2,100.

Ashley:
What?

Henry:
Median? Hey, serious? Yes sir. Knoxville, Tennessee. Knoxville, Tennessee. It’s got a good economy. They’re spending a lot of money in the local economy. So Covenant Health is the biggest employer in the area and they are spending $114 million on a Covenant Health Park, which is a stadium that they’re building down there, a sports stadium. They’ve got a federal grant, 42.6 for city connectivity improvements. So they’re improving their downtown area building sidewalks, bridges, plus the tech sector has a huge expansion going on down there. So they’re spending a lot of money. Companies are spending money, infrastructure is getting better and like I said, I was only picking markets that have positive job growth and positive population growth. And so this is a way for you to not spend as much as you would in a Nashville, but get rents similar to a Nashville, which means you’ve got more cashflow opportunities. Plus a lot of people who are moving to Tennessee may not want to move all the way and get the hustle and bustle of Nashville. And so people are picking Knoxville, Tennessee. There’s like I said, because there’s lots of jobs, because there’s population growth. Vacancy rate is 10%, which is pretty good. It is also a college town as well because that is where the University of Tennessee is. And that is the second largest employer in the area.

Ashley:
This is also the closest airport if you’re going to Pigeon Forge, correct.

Dave:
Oh, that’s a good one. So

Ashley:
If you fly in, you stay the night, maybe it’s a little bit cheaper. So maybe even Airbnb would work and then you drive out. I’m just trying to name attractions of why we should buy a market so we can go visit the,

Henry:
Well somebody research the pizza and the wings. Please let us know in the comments of the video where we should get pizza and wins. Yes, definitely in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Dave:
Alright, well, I feel like this is a theme, honestly, I see a lot these days when I’m picking markets that meet a lot of the criteria is college towns, they tend to perform well. Rochester, Raleigh, Durham, both college towns, I guess Harrisburg I don’t think has any notably big colleges, but Knoxville obviously does. And some of the other ones we’re going to talk about I think do as well. So that is something to keep an eye on. It really does tend to stabilize an economy, right? Colleges, they don’t have these swings when the economy goes down, they still have a lot of students coming in. It’s a very stable economic provider. As is healthcare, which you also mentioned.

Henry:
And I want people to realize too, that college town doesn’t mean you have to buy properties and rent to college students.

Ashley:
No.

Henry:
Right. College town is stability because there are companies, universities, restaurants, sports teams who are way better at analyzing markets than the three of us. And they’ve all done this and have chosen these markets for particular reasons. And so we’re leveraging that to help us choose where we should invest. It’s a college town for a reason. There’s a lot of jobs and employment for a reason, and if you can leverage some of the analysis of some of these super smart people who they’ve hired to do all this research, then you can buy properties I live in. Technically I rent in a college town, Fayetteville, Arkansas is where the University of Arkansas is. But I’d argue to say that I don’t know less than 5% of my tenants are college students.

Dave:
Well, yeah, it’s like companies move to college towns, this steady streamline of talent for people to hire, there’s a good labor force. So yeah, it just makes a lot of sense.

Ashley:
I was actually reading an article this morning on BiggerPockets. It was written by Austin Wolf and it was talking about the top three cash flowing markets for 2025, and one of them was Tuscaloosa, Alabama. I love that. And I said the reason was it’s a college town and just the university is having such a growth in student population that it’s creating a demand for rentals.

Dave:
With that segue, I will just go to my central market also in Alabama, but I feel like Tuscaloosa gets a lot of the love and Huntsville gets a lot of the love, but there are a lot of other good markets in Alabama. And so what I picked was Montgomery, Alabama. I think this gets overlooked a lot, but one of the things I really liked here is that it was the number one city in Alabama for capital investment and it’s the number two in the state for job creation and there are other good cities, but I was kind of surprised to see that because not as hyped up as a lot of the other markets in Alabama. It also has a great unemployment rate at 3.8%. And one of the things that I think is particularly interesting is we don’t know exactly what’s going to go on with tariffs, but a lot has been made about potentially car companies reinvesting into the United States.
And Montgomery has had this longstanding relationship with Hyundai for 20 years and they’ve sort of indicated that they’re going to start ramping up production there or that they’re going to continue to invest. There’s also a major air force base in the area, so that provides a lot of stability to the general economy there. And so I think this is just another example of one of these very affordable cities. The median home price in Montgomery is under $200,000. It’s $185,000, but the median rent is 1400 bucks. So you’re not quite at the 1% rule, but I bet you could go on bigger deals right now and find a cash flowing property today in a market that has a lot of capital investment and job growth. To me, that’s just kind of a no brainer.

Henry:
Alabama’s such a sleeper state for real estate investing. People don’t realize how many high level aerospace tech jobs, engineering jobs are out there. Yes, there’s a lot of manufacturing, but lots of high income earners have to live there and lots of government jobs, which means lots of government contracts, which means they can also be good sleeper markets for midterm rentals.

Ashley:
Is Alabama a landlord friendly state?

Henry:
Absolutely.

Dave:
It is. Yeah, it is. One thing I was actually curious about because a lot of stuff that going on on the Gulf Coast is you’re seeing insurance costs really go up. And so I was curious and looked into this and the median insurance cost in Montgomery is 3,800 bucks, which is a lot, I mean that’s more than I pay in most places, but it’s definitely less than Louisiana. But to offset that, their property tax rate is 0.28%. And just for reference, the average in the country is about 1%, so it’s about a quarter of the average. In states like Texas, it’s over 2%. So you really have this big wild swing, but Alabama has extremely low property taxes, so that’s just another thing that can help offset those higher than average insurance costs when you’re trying to calculate your cashflow. All right, well those are the first two, but Ashley, we haven’t heard from you on the central region just yet. Right.

Ashley:
Okay. So I picked Fort Wayne, Indiana.

Dave:
I almost picked that one popular city college town, right? Yeah,

Ashley:
I just think everything is steady. None of the data was detrimental, but none of it was also super great. Wow. This is a great unemployment rate. It’s super low. There was, I just felt like everything was really steady, so that’s what I liked about this market. Also super affordable. The median housing was 247 house price. The median rent was 1600. I just thought everything was just kind of middle of the road.

Dave:
What’s going on in Fort Wayne? I said Collegetown, but I think that’s actually wrong. What’s going on there? Is there a Hershey Park? Is there good pizza?

Ashley:
It’s a strong manufacturing base, but it does have some growth in the technology sectors too. So I just like the numbers on it that it was very conservative. It seemed less risky, I would say.

Dave:
Okay, I like that. I think, yeah, generally speaking, the Midwest, that whole area, a lot of Ohio, a lot of Indiana offers that I think, but some have gotten really expensive. So Indianapolis is a great market too, but it’s really gotten a lot more competitive, well known. Same with places like Columbus.

Henry:
Google announced a big 2 billion data center there. Okay.

Ashley:
Actually, we’re going to have a speaker at BP Con that invests in Fort Wayne, Sarah King. She’s going to be one of the speakers at BP Con this year in Las Vegas, and she invests there. That was one of the reasons the market stood out to me too, is because she’s always sharing her experience and even though she does well there doesn’t mean that I would or it’s the right market for you too. But it’s always a good starting point to look where others are investing and then look at the data and see if it would actually work out for you.

Dave:
All right. Those are essential markets, Knoxville, Fort Wayne, and Montgomery. And if you’re thinking those aren’t all central, you’re probably right, but we’re just doing the best that we can out here. Ashley mentioned BP Con, which actually lies in our Western region this year. It is in Las Vegas. I’m curious if either of you pick that, but we’ll see after this break. But if you want to hear Sarah King speaking at BP Con or Ashley Henry or myself speaking at BP Con plus meeting thousands of like-minded investors, there are still tickets available. So go to biggerpockets.com/conference to get yours today. We’ll be right back. Welcome back to the BiggerPockets podcast. I’m here with Ashley and Henry and we’re picking our top favorite markets. We’ve gone from the east to the central to the west coast. Ashley, tell us where you picked on the Western half of the United States. But again, that’s just one third of the country in terms of population.

Ashley:
This one is way out of touch for me that this is an expensive market, but I saw some opportunity here. So I picked Colorado Springs

Dave:
And

Ashley:
It’s more expensive with the median price around 485,000. Oh,

Dave:
Okay.

Ashley:
But what stood out to me is that they’re having a housing shortage. So by 2028, they need to fulfill 28,000 to 39,000 housing units in order to meet just the current demand for housing. And then also just a lot of job opportunity with the US Space Command is putting headquarters there, which will create around 600 jobs, a microchip technology company, 700 jobs, and then a solar panel manufacturing that was a little less than 400 jobs. There were some numbers too that kind of stood out with me with this housing shortage is that the five-year rent growth is supposed to be 49%

Dave:
Project,

Ashley:
And then just the five year job growth of 10% too, and then 5% for household growth. So I see a lot of opportunity and appreciation in this market. Maybe some overflow from the Denver area into Colorado Springs, but just the demand for housing needed and just what the expected increase in the value of those properties is going to be.

Dave:
This is a great way of looking at potential markets. At the end of the day, it really does come down to supply and demand. And oftentimes when we talk about things like job growth or population growth or household growth, what we’re really trying to predict is demand. And unless you’re someone like me who looks at permit data all the time, it’s a little bit harder to look to forecast supply. But a lot of cities put out these housing analyses. There’s a couple in the Midwest that I’ve been reading about where they just do a very detailed analysis knowing everything they know about their own city and being like, we need X number of new houses. And oftentimes the cities put these out because it’s kind of like a call for alarm. There’s just not enough housing, obviously, personally I feel like I hope they produce more housing, but as an investor, you can one be a part of that if you want to up zone things or you can just be someone who’s able to provide high quality housing to tenants in these places where they might not be able to afford to buy a single family home normally.
So I think that’s a great one. Colorado Springs, Ashley, you’re just beating me up. That’s another one that got away from me. I always thought like, oh, spillover from Denver. It’s a great place. I actually drove down there a few times and looked at properties, but never pulled the trigger. But it’s been growing crazy for 10 years and sounds like it probably will keep going.

Ashley:
Yeah, I think you look at people who bought in Denver 10 years ago or whatever, they probably have a nice chunk of in their property from appreciation and the similar circumstance could happen in Colorado Springs. So you got to get in now.

Henry:
I’ve just heard that’s a beautiful place. Colorado Springs.

Dave:
Yeah, pike Place, garden of the Gods. Henry’s great golf course there at the Broadmoor. Should go apply. Say less. There we go. There’s our attraction. I don’t know if you play golf actually, but you’re invited I puck. Okay, perfect. Alright, well great Pink. I know from personal experience, really high quality of life there too. It’s like a nice place. All right, moving on, Henry, what is your Western market region?

Henry:
Well, you’re going to get comments about this because technically it doesn’t seem like it’s in the West, it’s in Texas. But Kathy Tke would be proud of me because I picked Sherman Denison, Texas.

Dave:
Never heard of it, never heard of it.

Henry:
Neither had I until I did this research. But it is about an hour north of Dallas, so not too far from major metro Dallas, Texas. But median home price, what do you think it is? 2 25, 2 50.
Nailed it. 2 51 median home price in Sherman Venison, Texas. Nailed it. Median rent, 1572. What I like about this is the cost of housing relative to the distance from Dallas, Texas, the major metro. If you know anything about Dallas, it’s just been growing like crazy and it’s been expanding. And so people who were early to the Dallas boom are now, get me out of here. All these California and New York folks are moving to Dallas and they’re moving toward the outskirts. And so you’ve got growth in these areas just outside of Dallas, but you also got affordability. They have 3,700 housing units under construction. They are planning 8,000 more. So they are growing crazy out there, which I like to see top employers, Tyson Foods, which is a top employer in one of my markets. So we know they’re doing well. But I really like this in terms of your ability to buy a property brand new and keep it as a rental property.

Dave:
Man, you really do sound like Kathy Feck. I

Henry:
Know, right? Right. I mean, 2 51 median home price. You can probably go out here and get yourself a $200,000 new construction home, rent that thing out and break even, or cashflow a little bit, but you’ve got no maintenance or CapEx expenditures for your first five to 10 years because it’s brand new construction. There are tons of money being poured into that area. Preston Harbor, $6 billion, 3,100 acre development going on there. Texas Instruments is opening a manufacturing plant that’s under development right now out there. So you’re going to have jobs. It’s going to keep growing. Dallas is expanding. That’s going to keep growing. So I just thought this was a pretty cool way to get into the, with maybe something new and not having to do value add.

Dave:
I like that. That’s a really good strategy. I just Googled it. I obviously am terrible at geography and I needed to see on a map where this was, and I see why you like it, Henry, because it seems to be surrounded by casinos. So another

Ashley:
Place to run

Dave:
To visit, telling

Henry:
My secrets,

Dave:
Going with Ashley’s theory of why you want to pick these places, but there seemed to be several casinos in the area and maybe a good reason for Henry to go visit his potential rentals frequently.

Henry:
Yes, you can follow my investing advice. Please do not follow my gambling advice.

Dave:
Alright, well I like that. That is a really good strategy. And I think, I guess outside of maybe Raleigh Durham, a lot of the ones that we’re picking here today are sort of these secondary and tertiary cities. Not that they’re Rochester a big city. Colorado Springs a big city, but Harrisburg actually, it’s a way bigger population than I thought at like 600,000 people, but just not the most obvious places. And sort of going to some of these places that probably haven’t seen all of their growth yet, they’re still growing and there’s still this potential in these cities. So this could be a really good example of another one, even though I’d never heard of this place before.

Ashley:
Well, Dave, I think too, when you look at these secondary markets, you’re getting more accurate data because most of them are smaller. Where when you go to these big cities and you look at the overall number, it drastically changes from neighborhood to neighborhood. So especially as a new investor, it’s actually easier to analyze these smaller markets because the information is more concise.

Dave:
I completely agree. I for a while, thought about investing in San Antonio. It’s just so big and it’s so sprawling. I just couldn’t wrap my head around it as an out-of-state investor. It was just too hard and wound up choosing some smaller Midwest markets where I could just go and I can drive around ’em in an hour and I can get a sense of it in a different way. It really does make a big difference.

Ashley:
Well, the next time we do this, then we have to do small hometown little markets. Okay,

Dave:
I like that. Yeah, no bigger than a hundred thousand people or something like that. It could be fun. Alright, well I’ll give you my last market, which is actually the smallest market that I picked at least for this episode. But I picked Twin Falls, Idaho, because Idaho is sort of how I was thinking about Pennsylvania and Alabama, which all states that are growing a lot. But I was looking just for a secondary tertiary market. Everyone knows Boise has been growing like crazy, but Twin Falls, it has a lot to like, it’s affordable at $358,000. The population’s a hundred thousand. So it’s not tiny super low vacancy rate at 5%. It’s not point to 8%. Henry, sorry, but 5% vacancy rate is still really good. The median rent is over $2,200. So there’s solid rent growth here. And meanwhile, everything sort of like what you were saying about Fort Wayne, Ashley, there’s no red flag.
It’s landlord friendly. Insurance is pretty low, property taxes are low, incomes are growing, jobs are going there and droves. And there’s a lot of stuff to like here. And I just again, think that similar to what you said, Ashley, a lot of the spillover from Denver went to Colorado Springs. Boise is growing so much. I wonder if that impact will sort of happen to so do these other markets in Idaho, which is why the appreciation hasn’t been crazy there over the last couple of years. But I just wonder if it’s one of those markets that we’ll see sustained growth over the next couple of years. And again, it’s a place I don’t think most people have been to or have heard of, which is what I was looking for today.

Ashley:
And no major attraction. They have waterfalls, I think.

Dave:
Okay. It sounds like they have two waterfalls at least.

Henry:
Yeah, I think just what we need from everybody is if you could give us the best pizza place and the best wing place in each city, we mentioned in the comments of these videos, that would be super helpful for research purposes.

Dave:
Well, this was a lot of fun and I think again, the idea here is maybe one of these nine markets appeals to you. Feel free to go check ’em out. But the idea here is to share with you some of the thought process, some of the fundamentals that you could be looking for in your own search for markets, or as Ashley pointed out in your search for neighborhoods within a market, these fundamentals don’t just apply in a state level or a metro level, but also on a neighborhood by neighborhood level as well. Henry, thanks so much for being here. We always appreciate it.

Henry:
Thank you for having me.

Dave:
Ashley. Thank you for coming over from the Rookie Show. We are always happy to have you here.

Ashley:
Yes, thanks so much.

Dave:
And for all of you, if you do want to do this research yourself, you could download the spreadsheet that Ashley Henry and I have been using for free at biggerpockets.com/resources. We’ll put a link to that below. But it’s a super helpful thing that conglomerates all of this data into one place makes it easy for you to start identifying metro areas you might be interested in investing in. Thank you all so much for listening and watching this episode of BiggerPockets Podcast. We’ll see you next time.

 

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In this analysis, I didn’t want to include markets that are still growing and already on everyone’s radar, like Boise, Idaho; Raleigh, North Carolina; and, of course, Austin, Texas. Instead, I wanted to feature less popular markets that are still experiencing strong job, income, population, and household growth—all metrics that point to a market with great underlying fundamentals.

Out-of-state investors just looking for cash flow may want to see the top three cash flow markets in 2025. Otherwise, if you’re here to look for markets with stronger appreciation potential, keep reading.

1. St. George, Utah

Metrics:

  • Median price: $516,300
  • Median rent: $2,148
  • Rent-to-price ratio: 0.42%
  • Five-year job growth: 24.79%
  • Median income: $49,223
  • Unemployment rate: 3.3%
  • Metro population: 189,827

The job growth in St. George is impressive, but it’s also the smallest market on this list. The market contains a college, is close to Zion National Park, and is a popular place for retirees. 

This may be a reason why the median income is the lowest on this list: College kids and retirees usually make less reported income than those in the middle of their careers. Regardless, there is strong demand and limited supply for this market, pushing up prices.

This brings us to what I consider the main drawback for this market: the high median price. This will be a barrier to most new investors trying to get their foot in the door and find cash flow (although there is a good appreciation argument for investing here).

Moving forward, the following markets will have a lower median price point and higher population.

2. Huntsville, Alabama

Metrics:

  • Median price: $338,100
  • Median rent: $1,766
  • Rent-to-price ratio: 0.52%
  • Five-year job growth: 16.35%
  • Median income: $71,846
  • Unemployment rate: 2.9%
  • Metro population: 504,712

Huntsville is an industrial home to military defense and aerospace. The Cummings Research Park (CRP) is also located here and is the second-largest research park in the United States. There are also a number of Fortune 500 companies with operations in the area. 

The economy keeps growing here, and so does the median income, which means home prices are likely to keep rising. So, is there any drawback?

For investors, the answer is maybe. The multifamily vacancy rate is at a record high of 18% (CoStar), while the overall vacancy rate (includes both multifamily and single-family) is 7% (U.S. Census). 

While there is very strong demand, the metro area has done a great job at keeping supply up. This makes home prices rise slower, which is great for renters and aspiring homeowners alike. It means your real estate will appreciate slower than in a place like St. George.

3. Greenville, South Carolina

Metrics:

  • Median price: $328,300
  • Median rent: $1,624
  • Rent-to-price ratio: 0.49%
  • Five-year job growth: 9.63%
  • Median income: $59,602
  • Unemployment rate: 3.8%
  • Metro population: 945,301

Greenville is located between the Atlanta and Charlotte metropolitan areas (or “Charlanta,” as the megaregion is called) and will likely continue to benefit from the high growth of those areas.

The economy in Greenville is driven mostly by manufacturing and logistics, with the financial activities sector also seeing strong growth, which helps to diversify the area.

As a tertiary (but still-growing) market, you’re likely to face less competition from other investors than you would in other more popular markets in the Piedmont Atlantic megaregion like Atlanta or Charlotte.

Honorable Mention: The Birmingham, Alabama, Suburbs

Metrics:

  • Median price: $252,500
  • Median rent: $1,607
  • Rent-to-price ratio: 0.64%
  • Five-year job growth: 3.55%
  • Median income: $59,509
  • Unemployment rate: 3.2%
  • Metro population: 1,181,432

I debated including Birmingham on this list due to its lower five-year job growth (compared to other high-growth cities). However, it has a high rent-to-price ratio, a relatively high median income, and a low unemployment rate, and is one of the most affordable metropolitan areas in the United States. This seemed like a good trade-off to me. 

And it’s not like the area isn’t growing; the manufacturing, logistics, finance, education, and health services industries continue to grow here. 

So what about the city of Birmingham’s population loss? While the overall region is adding jobs, it appears that people have a habit of leaving the inner city of Birmingham for the outer suburbs (which are experiencing population growth), such as:

  • Vance, which is home to the only Mercedes-Benz plant in North America,
  • McCalla, a close 25-minute drive southwest of downtown, and
  • Gardendale is an even closer 20-minute drive north.

The affordability of this market will likely drive more growth into the region, especially for those who want to escape the growing shelter costs in Nashville or Atlanta but still want to live (and work) in a city.

If you’d like to see new construction homes for sale (that pencil with solid cash flow), Rent to Retirement is currently selling properties in the growth submarkets of Birmingham, like the Vance, McCalla, and Gardendale suburbs.



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The tempest of tariffs, trade wars, inflation fears, and recession fears have dizzied investors for the last three months. Where should investors put their money to protect against all this risk? 

I’ve outlined a few recession-resilient real estate investments I like, but let’s dig deeper into REITs. Real estate investment trusts offer the easiest way to invest passively in real estate since you can buy shares with your brokerage account. They also come with their share of downsides and risks, which we’ll touch on later.  

REITs & Recession Risk

Let’s get this out of the way now: REITs crash before and during recessions. And they crash hard, with an average return of -17.6% during recessions going back to 1991:

reits scaled
Neuberger Berman

That said, REITs respond to market changes much faster than private property prices because REITs are publicly traded. You can see that play out in the data. 

In the average four quarters before recessions, REITs have underperformed privately owned properties:

reits 2
REIT.com

But in the four quarters after recessions, REITs have beaten privately owned properties:

reits 3
REIT.com

The data is clear: Once a recession strikes and REIT prices dip, historically, that’s a great time to buy. 

Specific REIT Sectors That Shine in Recessions

Some types of REITs do just fine in recessions. Others ride the struggle bus downhill. 

Specifically, Wide Moat Research points to REITs specializing in healthcare, data centers, and triple net leases as survivors in recessions. On the other end of the spectrum, the company warns investors that hotels, billboards, and mortgage REITs suffer. 

In fact, it cites research that if you remove mortgage REITs from the data, equity REITs actually average an annualized return of 15.9% during recessions. Not too shabby!

How REITs Have Moved Recently

After a flash crash early in the COVID-19 pandemic, REITs skyrocketed until early 2022, when the Federal Reserve started hiking interest rates. That hasn’t gone well for REITs.

image1 5

The annualized price returns for U.S. REITs have averaged -7.29% over the past three years. Meanwhile, the price return for the S&P 500 has averaged nearly 8%.

And no, the numbers don’t get much better when you include dividends. The net total return for U.S. REITs has averaged -4.69% a year in that period, while the S&P 500 has averaged 9.14%.  

More recently, U.S. REITs shot up last year when interest rates started declining. But they’ve crashed back down again over the last two months of tariff turmoil, falling 7.6%.

Volatility

As publicly traded assets, REITs bounce around with almost as much volatility as stocks. 

You can measure volatility with beta. The beta of U.S. REITs compared to the S&P 500 is 0.75—in other words, REITs are 25% less volatile than stocks. 

Privately owned real estate has a far lower beta. The less liquid an investment is, the lower its volatility tends to be

Correlation to Stocks

I invest in real estate for many reasons: cash flow, tax advantages, long-term appreciation, and the ability to leverage other people’s money. But just as important to me as all of those is diversification. I invest in real estate as a counterweight to my stock portfolio. 

Therein lies one of the biggest problems with REITs: They correlate too closely with the stock market at large and act as just one more sector of it. 

Check out the full graphs and data on REITs’ correlation to the stock market here. I generally avoid REITs for this reason.  

Other Passive Real Estate Investments I Prefer

Like the idea of a completely hands-off real estate investment, but don’t want REITs’ volatility and correlation to stock markets? Me too. 

I get together with a group of other passive investors every month through a co-investing club to vet a new investment. Each person can invest $5,000 or more, and collectively we’ll surpass the $50,000-$100,000 minimum. 

Here are a few types of passive investments that we go in on together. 

Private partnerships

Often, we’ll partner with an active investor on a deal or series of deals. 

For example, last month we partnered with a land-flipping company. They’ll flip as many parcels as they can with our money between now and the end of 2027 and pay us out our profits each time a parcel sells. 

We made a similar partnership with a house-flipping company last fall, and with a spec home construction company. I personally love private partnerships.

Private notes

Likewise, we love investing in private notes for steady and predictable income. In our club, we typically go in on secured notes paying 10%-16% interest. 

Real estate syndications

Some people find syndications intimidating. Don’t let them scare you. One of the reasons we love investing as a club is that we can all vet these together. It lowers the risk when you have 50 sets of eyeballs, all reviewing a deal and discussing it together on a Zoom call. 

The bottom line: You get the cash flow, appreciation, and tax benefits of owning real estate without having to become a landlord. 

Buy REITs Right Now?

Now isn’t a bad time to buy REITs, all things considered. But I’d still rather invest privately. 

If you insist on timing the market—which I don’t recommend—the best time to buy REITs tends to come in the darkest days of a recession. “Blood in the streets” and all that. 

Of course, everyone’s still panicking then, so no one feels like buying. You won’t want to buy, either. 

That’s why I practice dollar-cost averaging for real estate investments. I invest $5,000 in a new real estate deal every month, rain or shine, rainbow or recession.

Analyze Deals in Seconds

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I currently live in Los Angeles, for better or worse. Yes, there’s crime. Yes, there’s a homeless problem. And yes, it’s unfriendly to business, even the film business. 

But the food is world-class, the weather is unbeatable, the culture is diverse, the beach is nearby, and so are the mountains. As one developer I met put it: “Los Angeles is the most-amenitied place in America.”

As of 2024, California is the world’s fourth-largest economy, with a GDP of $4.1 trillion, ahead of Texas ($2.7 trillion) and New York ($2.3 trillion). But how much of this GDP is from the Bay Area and Silicon Valley, home to some of the most valuable companies on Earth? We must draw a distinction between the economies of each metro and see where Los Angeles falls in line.

Comparing LA to Silicon Valley

The 2023 GDP of the Bay Area (the San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley, CA MSA) was about $779 billion in 2023, and Silicon Valley (the San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA MSA) was about $423 billion. If it’s fair to combine these two markets, the general Bay Area-Silicon Valley market had a GDP of about $1.2 trillion, with a combined population of 6.7 million.

Comparatively, the Los Angeles MSA (Los Angeles County and Orange County) had a GDP of about $1.3 trillion in 2023 with a population of 13 million; a similar GDP with a higher population count means a smaller GDP per capita. We can see this when we look at GDP per capita at the county level.

The first four counties in this bar chart make up the Bay Area and Silicon Valley. You can see each county has a higher GDP per capita than Los Angeles (and its neighboring county, Orange).

In conclusion, the Bay Area and Silicon Valley have a higher GDP per capita than Los Angeles, indicating the local economy is more productive on a per-person basis in Silicon Valley than in LA.

Los Angeles’s Economy

Now, let’s do a deep dive into Los Angeles’s economy and job market. The LA metropolitan area’s job market has barely broken through its 2019 record:

Let’s dive deeper into why by looking at job occupations:

Pretty much every job category has shrunk compared to their 2019 levels, except for private education and health services.

This shouldn’t come as a surprise if you’ve consumed any headlines about the California exodus. Take a look at this discussion in the BiggerPockets forums about a study predicting job losses. (It was posted nine years ago, and more or less got it right.)

Digging deeper, I discovered that as of 2024, California has more Fortune 500 companies than Texas or New York (57 companies, compared to Texas and New York, which both had 52). However, the overwhelming majority of these companies are in the Bay Area and Silicon Valley. Only the following are based in Los Angeles or Orange County:

  • Walt Disney (in Burbank)
  • Molina Healthcare (in Long Beach)
  • Live Nation Entertainment (in Beverly Hills)
  • Edison International (in Rosemead)
  • Farmers Insurance (in Woodland Hills)
  • Pacific Life (in Newport Beach)
  • Chipotle (in Newport Beach)
  • A-Mark Precious Metals (in El Segundo)
  • Skechers (in Manhattan Beach)

Silicon Valley is home to the majority of Fortune 500 company headquarters, with 46, compared to Los Angeles and Orange County’s nine (the remaining two are in Ventura and Riverside County). The current boom in artificial intelligence (AI) technology is likely to keep Silicon Valley as a thriving economy. And even if AI tech is a bubble that pops, San Francisco has always been a boom-and-bust market that bounces back. 

But what about Hollywood? According to a recent study published by Otis College of Art and Design, employment in the entertainment industry is still below its 2022 peak and may not reach this peak again anytime soon. But employment in the arts has seemed to stabilize for the most part (at least for now, it has stopped shrinking). 

But why isn’t it worse, given you can produce content from virtually anywhere in the world? It’s likely due to the large talent base— the same reason many tech companies have remained headquartered in Silicon Valley). For now, Los Angeles is still a network-affected hub of entertainment (and exported culture). 

So no, the Los Angeles economy is not in a Detroit-style doom spiral of employment loss. At least, not as long as creatives want to live there. But at least 50 companies have relocated their HQs away from Los Angeles from 2018-2023 due to the unfavorable business climate. 

For this reason, I do not think Los Angeles is riding a rising tide like Austin, TexasDallas, Nashville, Tennessee; Phoenix, Raleigh, North Carolina; or Boise, Idaho. I do think LA as a whole is experiencing economic headwinds that will slow down the appreciation of its real estate. 

Los Angeles appears to be a good place to live if you’re a renter (due to favorable tenant laws) or if you occupy your primary residence (due to favorable property tax laws), given you can actually afford housing there. But it’s arguably one of the worst places to be a business owner unless your business is reliant on the local entertainment talent force or needs year-round perfect weather (or you’re a business owner who loves living in Southern California and will continue to live and work there, no matter what).

Real Estate Price Appreciation in Los Angeles

Let’s now take a look at the main reason anyone considers investing in Los Angeles: price appreciation.

Los Angeles is geographically constrained between the ocean and the mountains; there is only so much you can build. In addition, the county is very unfriendly to new construction. Builders have to jump through many hurdles and years of permitting to build new apartments. 

As long as people continue to demand housing and supply is hard to create, prices will continue to be pushed up. But like everything in real estate, location matters. Certain neighborhoods are more desirable than others, especially as you get closer to the beach or the hills. 

Pasadena and South Pasadena are exceptions. These neighborhoods are not near the ocean and not as close to the hills as other surrounding neighborhoods, but Caltech and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab make their home here, undoubtedly pushing up incomes, rents, and prices.

I’ve mapped each ZIP code in Los Angeles and Orange County by their one-year CAGR. If you hover over a ZIP code, you’ll get more info as well:

For those unfamiliar with Los Angeles, just know that the darker ZIP codes (indicating higher price growth) are mostly around the ocean or the hills.

Should You Invest in Los Angeles?

There are certainly easier markets to invest in, with lower barriers to entry, landlord-friendly laws, more growth, and in some markets, even higher appreciation (see this red state versus blue state breakdown I conducted for more info).

I want to repeat: If we’re just looking at the percentage growth of the median price, certain red state metros have beaten the Los Angeles metro over a 20-year period. I’ll reuse a map I previously published to further emphasize the point:

Price is a function of supply and demand. Los Angeles will continue to have limited supply. But demand for red state metros appears to be growing at such a higher rate than LA that prices have been pushed up more, regardless of how much room for supply there is. You can only build so much in a period of time.

For all the headwinds I’ve pointed out, I think the golden era of Los Angeles residential real estate appreciation is behind us, with one huge, glaring, millionaire-making exception: world-class neighborhoods.

Los Angeles Is a Hyperlocal Game

The metro still has arguably the best year-round weather on Earth (unless you like a little more humidity, in which case you’ll love San Diego, or you prefer a slightly cooler climate, in which case you’ll love the Bay Area). And LA is still one of the world’s cultural hot spots as America’s epicenter of film and music. 

People will pay a lot of money to live here, especially in a nice area with low crime, good schools, and close access to trendy restaurants and outdoor amenities like the hills or the ocean. There aren’t too many neighborhoods with all these qualities relative to the total housing inventory in LA. It’s no surprise that they appreciate in value the most. 

I’m calling these “world-class” locations (“luxury” locations also works), as they have some of the greatest combinations of qualities you find in America (if you factor in weather, care about being near the ocean, and appreciate racial and cultural diversity, which not all neighborhoods with good schools have). 

However, the barrier to entry in LA is extremely high. At the time of writing, in 2025, the median home price is about $1 million. And that’s just the median. There really aren’t any properties in decent neighborhoods worth less than $1 million. 

If you’re purchasing a home here, you are likely already in the top 1%. If that’s the case, you can afford to overcome the massive regulatory hurdles of investing in Los Angeles.

This leads me to the conclusion: Is investing in Los Angeles worth it? It depends on what kind of investor you are. The simple buy-and-hold investor is likely better off elsewhere, unless you secure a property in an A-class neighborhood (or an A-class property in a B-class neighborhood). But if you are an active and local fix-and-flip or BRRRR investor, you’ll need to keep a close eye on your hyperlocal neighborhood market. 

Fortunes are still being made with Los Angeles real estate. I’m just not convinced the rewards outweigh the risks relative to other markets due to the overall economic headwinds—unless you invest in one of the world-class neighborhoods here.

NOTE: This article was written from the residential real estate perspective, not commercial. Let me know in the comments if you’d like an analysis of Los Angeles CRE.

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Scaling your real estate investing business doesn’t require a massive payroll. You can grow efficiently by leveraging systems, automation, and virtual assistants without the overhead of full-time staff. Here’s how you can expand your portfolio while keeping operations lean and profitable.

1. Build a System First—Then Scale

Before thinking about automation, you need a clear system for how you handle acquisitions, lead generation, and deal analysis. Without a structured process in place, adding automation and virtual assistants will only create chaos.

Start by documenting everything:

  • How you generate and qualify leads.
  • Your criteria for purchasing properties.
  • Steps for making offers and negotiating deals.
  • How you follow up with sellers and agents.
  • Processes for tracking and closing deals.

Once you have repeatable processes, you can start implementing software and automation to streamline them. Start by screen recording as you complete each of these tasks in your operations. You can also open a clean document and write out each step.

Here is an example of one I did for a bookkeeping SOP (standard operating procedure). You have to start somewhere. If you wait until you are overwhelmed, it is even harder to find the time to build out these SOPs. 

2. Use Software to Automate the Repetitive Stuff

Software is available for almost every aspect of real estate investing. The key is knowing what to automate and what still requires a human touch.

Let’s use the acquisition process as an example of a system in our business that we can use software for instead of spending more of our time. There are many different tools, software, and resources available that can decrease the work we actually have to do or would need to hire someone else to do. 

Here are some of the common steps you would take as an investor. I’m going to use my process as an example to show you how you can delegate to software instead of a person. 

Lead generation and deal flow

I started my investing career with no way to track any leads on deals. I was basically just winging it. It was not working. I was not following up, and I tried to outsource to the wrong person. It was a mess.

I started using REsimpli, a full-service CRM for real estate investors, to help automate lead management, follow-ups, and marketing. This is basically a tool for entrepreneurs to manage multiple aspects of the acquisition process without hiring a huge team. This did eliminate my need to start hiring employees to help grow my business. 

I was finally able to not be bogged down by the details and actually focus on what was moving the needle to get deals. A big thing for me was the follow-up. I implemented the automated lead follow-ups to really reduce the need for me. Just automating and creating a system for lead management really opened my eyes to what my life could be like learning to lean on systems and processes, including cost-effective software. 

Here are some of the steps I took:

  • Use a CRM to track seller leads: Keep all seller conversations, follow-ups, and notes organized in one place. 
  • Automate follow-ups: Set up automated text and email sequences for leads that don’t convert immediately.
  • Batch your offers: Instead of making offers one by one, use software like REsimpli to send bulk offers based on preset criteria.
  • Build a strong lead pipeline: Use a combination of direct mail, cold-calling, and online lead generation to keep your pipeline full without needing a full team.

I once looked at a property that I didn’t end up buying until two years later. If I hadn’t saved all my information from my first analysis, I would have needed to start all over with my information gathering. My ability to access the property information from the first time I looked at it two years ago limited the amount of work the second time around.

Obviously, the market had changed along with other factors, but the information I already had saved on the property gave me the advantage of being able to make a quick decision and offer on the property. 

The seller had initially wanted $90,000 two years prior. The second go-round, I was able to lock up the deal and get it for $20,000! After $70k in rehab and about four months of sweat equity, the property appraised at $220,000! This was one of my best deals yet because of my ability to act fast with the information I already had on the property that was saved in my CRM. 

3. Hire Virtual Assistants for Low-Cost Support

Instead of hiring full-time employees, leverage virtual assistants (VAs) for task-based work. You only pay for the work that needs to be done, avoiding the costs of benefits and full-time salaries.

Here are some common real estate tasks you can outsource to VAs:

  • CRM management: Organizing leads, updating deal statuses, and managing contacts.
  • Marketing: Managing social media, designing property listings, and running ad campaigns.
  • Appointment setting: Scheduling calls with sellers and agents.
  • Communication with tenants: Never receive a 3 a.m. toilet call again! 
  • Payables and receivables:  Use a virtual mailbox to have your VA manage your mail. 

If you already have an all-in-one software in place, you are much more likely to have your VA set up for success. Training someone on a ton of different platforms takes time, and there is more room for human error trying to track everything through different platforms instead of having everything you need in one place. 

4. Set Up Automated Workflows

With a few smart integrations, you can automate entire workflows without manual work. Some examples:

  • Website development and servicing: Having a website can bring in leads. Not all software has this integrated, like REsimpli, where you can create your own website for free! 
  • Phone and text automation: Use tools that handle inbound calls and text responses automatically. Several companies offer only this feature, which needs to be integrated into your CRM. REsimpli is able to offer this as a built-in feature. 
  • Drip campaigns: Automates follow-up sequences via email, text, direct mail, voicemail, and call task reminders, allowing you to nurture leads effortlessly over time.

Final Thoughts

Scaling your real estate investing business doesn’t necessarily mean hiring a full-time staff of employees. By leveraging the right software, automating repetitive tasks, and outsourcing work to virtual assistants, you can grow your deal flow while keeping your expenses low. The key is to build systems first—then plug in the right technology and people to help you execute.

Are you using any of these tools or strategies in your business? Let me know in the comments below!



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